Abstract: To explore the relationship between the soil fungal community characteristics and soil physicochemical factors in the rhizosphere of 4 leguminous forages. Illumina HiSeq PE250 high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the fungal diversity of the rhizosphere soil of four legumes,Medicago ruthenicu,Medicago sativa,Onobrychis viciifolia,Vicia faba L. And analyze the correlation between the physicochemical properties of soil and the dominant groups of soil fungi. The results showed that there were significant differences in the physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere soil of the four legumes. High-throughput sequencing yielded a total of 267 532 effective sequences and 966 OTUs (Operational taxonomic units). The Chao1 index of the fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of the four plants was Vicia faba L.> Medicago sativa> Onobrychis viciifolia> Medicago ruthenicu;Shannon index was broad Vicia faba L> Medicago ruthenicu> Onobrychis viciifolia> Medicago sativa. At the level of phylum classification,Ascomycota,Mortierellomycota,and Basidiomycota were dominant groups. Correlation analysis showed that there was a certain correlation between soil fungal diversity and soil physical and chemical factors. Fungal communities in the rhizosphere of the four legumes were significantly different. Total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus and organic matter were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of soil fungal communities.

Key words: Alpine region, Leguminous forages, High-throughput sequencing, Soil fungal community structure, Soil physical and chemical indexes

摘要： 为探究4种豆科牧草根际土壤真菌群落特征与土壤理化因子间相互关系。利用Illumina HiSeq PE250高通量测序技术分析4种豆科植物扁蓿豆Medicago ruthenicu、紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa、红豆草Onobrychis viciifolia、蚕豆Vicia fabaL.根际土壤真菌多样性，并分析土壤理化性质和土壤真菌优势类群的相关性。结果表明，4种豆科植物根际土壤理化性质差异显著。高通量测序共得到267 532条有效序列和966个OTUs （Operational taxonomic units）。4种植物根际土壤真菌群落Chao1指数为蚕豆>紫花苜蓿>红豆草>扁蓿豆；Shannon指数为蚕豆>扁蓿豆>红豆草>紫花苜蓿。在门分类水平上，子囊菌门（Ascomycota）、球囊菌门（Mortierellomycota）、担子菌门（Basidiomycota）为优势类群。相关性分析表明，土壤真菌多样性与土壤理化因子存在一定的相关性。4种豆科植物根际土壤真菌群落差异显著，土壤全氮、全磷、全钾、速效磷和有机质是影响土壤真菌群落分布的主要环境因素。

关键词: 高寒地区, 豆科牧草, 高通量测序, 土壤真菌群落, 土壤理化指标