Abstract: Using the collected and preserved 236 Amaranthus cruentus germplasm resources as materials,genetic diversity,principal component analysis,correlation analysis and cluster analysis were carried out on the 19 phenotypic traits. The results showed that the tested A. cruentus germplasms had a rich genetic diversity. The highest genetic diversity index among qualitative characters was the major inflorescence color (1.421),and the highest genetic diversity index among quantitative characters was the plant height (2.070). The largest coefficient of variation is the number of main stem branches (97.11%);the cumulative contribution rate of the two extracted principal components reached at 61.60%. The first principal component mainly reflected the leaf length and width of A. cruentus,and the second principal component the length and branch numbers of A. cruentus major inflorescence. By cluster analysis,it was divided the tested materials into 5 categories,of which the categories I~V contain 64,68,42,36,and 26 germplasm resources,respectively. Category I had the best biomass-related traits and could be used as forage breeding materials. Category IV and V had brighter colors and could be used to screen for ornamental materials. This study could provide an important reference for the selection of excellent germplasm in A. cruentus,resource protection,breeding and improvement of varieties.

Key words: Amaranthus cruentus, Grain amaranth, Phonetypic trait, Genetic diversity, Cluster analysis

摘要： 本研究以收集保存的236份老鸦谷(Amaranthus cruentus)种质资源为材料，对其19个表型性状进行遗传多样性、主成分分析、相关性分析和聚类分析。结果表明：供试的老鸦谷种质具有丰富的遗传多样性，质量性状中遗传多样性指数最高的为主花序颜色(1.421)，数量性状中遗传多样性指数最高的为株高(2.070)，变异系数最大的为主茎分枝数(97.11%)；提取的2个主成分累计贡献率为61.60%，第一主成分主要反映老鸦谷的叶长和叶宽，第二主成分主要反映老鸦谷主花序长度及主花序分枝数。聚类分析将供试材料分为5类，其中Ⅰ~Ⅴ类分别包含64，68，42，36，26份种质资源，Ⅰ类的生物量相关性状最佳，可作为饲草育种材料，IV类和V类颜色较为鲜艳，可用于观赏材料的筛选。本研究可为老鸦谷优异种质筛选、资源保护、品种的选育和改良提供重要参考。

关键词: 老鸦谷, 籽粒苋, 表型性状, 遗传多样性, 聚类分析