Abstract: Global temperature change affects plant morphology,physiology and molecular regulation to varying degrees,such as altering plant growth. In this study,in order to investigate the adaptive responses of Bromus inermis to temperature changes,five temperature treatments were set up,namely,control T₁ (15/5℃),warming temperature T₂ (17.5/7.5℃),warming temperature T₃ (20/10℃),warming temperature T₄ (22.5/12.5℃),and warming temperature T₅ (25/15℃);the observation of the seedling phenotypes and anatomical structures,determination of physiological characteristics,and transcriptome analysis found:(1) Warming significantly increased leaf length and leaf biomass allocation,decreased leaf thickness and epidermal cell thickness,and warming (T₃,T₅) decreased root biomass allocation and reduced root diameter (P<0.05);(2) Warming resulted in significantly lower (P<0.05) soluble protein content,stronger catalase and peroxidase activities,and weaker correlations between morphological and physiological indices in the leaves;(3) 199 differentially expressed genes were found in leaves and 484 in roots under T₅ warming. Overall,the aboveground portion of Bromus inermis seedlings was more sensitive than the underground portion in response to warming.

Key words: Phenotypic morphology, Structure of anatomy, Physiological characteristics, Transcriptome analysis

摘要： 全球气温变化对植物形态、生理及分子调控产生不同程度的影响，改变了植物的生长状态。本研究为探究野生无芒雀麦（Bromus inermis）应对温度变化采取的适应对策，设置5个温度处理，分别为对照T₁（15/5℃）、增温T₂（17.5/7.5℃）、增温T₃（20/10℃）、增温T₄（22.5/12.5℃）和增温T₅（25/15℃），观测其幼苗的表型和解剖结构，测定生理特征，利用转录组测序技术进行分析。结果表明：增温显著提高叶长和叶生物量分配，降低了叶片厚度和表皮细胞厚度，部分增温处理（T₃，T₅）减少根生物量分配并减小根系直径（P<0.05）；增温使叶片中的可溶性蛋白含量显著降低（P<0.05），过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性更强，形态和生理指标间相关性较弱；T₅增温下叶片差异表达基因199个，根系484个。总体而言，无芒雀麦幼苗地上部分比地下部分对增温的响应更敏感。

关键词: 表型形态, 解剖结构, 生理特征, 转录组分析