Abstract: Twenty-four phenotypic traits of 10 wild Elymus germplasm resources from different habitat sources were determined to investigate the genetic variation patterns,and provide a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of excellent germplasm materials in the arid region of Northwest China. The results showed that the genetic diversity indices of the phenotypic traits of the Elymus germplasm resources ranged from 1.17 to 1.89,among which the genetic diversity indices of seed length,plant height and thousand-seed weight were larger,they were 1.89,1.83 and 1.75,respectively. The coefficients of variation for the 24 phenotypic traits ranged from 5.23% to 51.98%,with the overall expression of greater variation in stem and leaf traits than in spike and seed traits. Correlation analysis showed that phenotypic traits were correlated with longitude,while stem diameter,length under spike,spikelet length,seed length and thousand kernel weight were significantly affected (P<0.05). Through cluster analysis,the 10 materials were classified into four major groups,amnog them groups I and III performed generally and could be preserved as general germplasm. Group II was preserved as material for forage breeding,and Group IV was preserved as material for lodging resistance and seed production. Using the principal component analysis,it was found that four germplasm,of E8,E7,E6 and E5 had excellent performance in the Hexi region of Gansu and could be further introduced for domestication.

Key words: Elymus, Phenotypic traits, Genetic diversity, Germplasm resources

摘要： 测定10份不同生境来源野生披碱草属(Elymus L.)种质24个表型性状，探究其表型性状的遗传变异规律，为西北干旱区优异种质材料的选育提供理论依据。结果表明：供试材料表型性状的遗传多样性指数介于1.17~1.89，其中种子长、株高和千粒重的遗传多样性指数较大，分别为1.89，1.83和1.75。24个表型性状的变异系数介于5.23%~51.98%，整体表现为茎叶部性状变异大于穗部和种子性状。相关性分析表明，表型性状与经度有一定的相关性，其中茎粗、穗下茎长、小穗长、种子长和千粒重受显著影响(P<0.05)。通过聚类分析，将10份材料划分为4大类，其中第I、III类群表现一般，可作为一般种质保存；第II类群作为饲草育种材料保存，第IV类群作为抗倒伏和生产种子材料保存。利用主成分综合分析发现，E8,E7,E6和E5四份种质在甘肃河西地区综合表现优良，可进一步引种驯化。

关键词: 披碱草属, 表型性状, 遗传多样性, 种质资源