Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of 44 Sorghum Germplasm Resources Introduced from Central Asia

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.04.011

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 1252-1261.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.04.011

Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of 44 Sorghum Germplasm Resources Introduced from Central Asia

WANG Hui¹, Zaituniguli·KUERBAN¹, HU Xiang-wei¹, ZHAO Yun¹, YANG Bao-yi¹, MA Yan-ming¹, XIAO Jing¹, HOU Sheng-lin², LIU Guo-qing³, FENG Guo-jun¹

1. Crop Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Central Asian Characteristic Crop Germplasm Resources Medium-term Gene Bank, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China;
2. The Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Heibei Province 050035, China;
3. Institute of MilletCrops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Heibei Province 050035, China

Received:2025-06-13 Revised:2025-08-04 Published:2026-04-15

44份中亚引进高粱种质资源表型多样性分析

王卉¹, 再吐尼古丽·库尔班¹, 胡相伟¹, 赵云¹, 杨宝谊¹, 马艳明¹, 肖菁¹, 侯升林², 刘国庆³, 冯国郡¹

1. 新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院作物研究所/国家中亚特色作物种质资源中期库, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830091;
2. 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所, 河北石家庄 050035;
3. 河北省农林科学院谷子研究所, 河北石家庄 050035

通讯作者: 冯国郡，E-mail：fengguojxj@126.com；刘国庆，E-mail：guoqingliu@hotmail.com
作者简介:王卉（1986-），女，汉族，新疆奎屯人，副研究员，E-mail：362685578@qq.com；
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区农业科学院农业科技创新稳定支持专项（xjnkywdzc-2024001-04）；“天池英才”引进计划；新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项（上海合作组织科技伙伴计划及国际科技合作计划）项目（2022E01029）；国家谷子高粱产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站（CARS-06-B30）资助

Abstract

Abstract: The identification and characterization of phenotypic traits are the foundation for understanding crop germplasm resources for breeding new cultivars. The sorghum germplasm from Central Asia demonstrated unique genotypes. It is of great significance to fully understand these materials for sorghum breeding in China. This study focused on 44 sorghum germplasm resources introduced from Central Asia. Precise characterization of phenotypic traits was systematically conducted， combined with multivariate statistical methods （including correlation analysis， cluster analysis， and principal component analysis） for systematic evaluation. Data analysis revealed that the tested accessions exhibited high heterogeneity at the phenotypic level， possessed diverse genetic backgrounds， and demonstrated complex interrelationships among traits. Cluster analysis grouped the 44 sorghum accessions into five clusters. Based on different breeding objectives， suitable germplasm resources can be selected. Principal component analysis （PCA） and comprehensive evaluation were performed on the sorghum resources. Based on F-values， the top 10 accessions with the best overall performance were identified. Among them， 7 germplasm materials belonged to Cluster II， and their phenotypic characteristics were significantly superior to that of the other clusters （e.g.， with mean plant height reaching 286.33 cm and panicle weight at 102.50 g）. They showed particularly outstanding performance in stalk lodging resistance and grain yield potential， making them valuable core parental materials for germplasm innovation and the development of hybrid combinations. This study analyzed the phenotypic diversity of sorghum germplasm resources and classified them based on similar phenotypes. This study provides a theoretical foundation for sorghum cultivation in semi-arid and arid regions， and also lays a foundation for the efficient utilization of sorghum germplasm resources and the development of new varieties.

Key words: Central Asia, Sorghum, Germplasmre sources, Phenotypic diversity

摘要： 表型性状鉴定是认识作物种质资源和培育新品种的基础，中亚的高粱种质具有独特的基因型，充分了解这些种质材料对我国的高粱育种具有重要意义。本研究以44份中亚引进高粱种质资源为材料，开展表型性状精准鉴定，结合多元统计方法（包括相关性分析、聚类分析与主成分分析）进行系统性评价。结果表明，参试材料在表型水平上呈现高度异质性，遗传背景复杂，并且性状之间存在复杂的相互关系。通过聚类分析，44份高粱资源被分为5组，通过Fixation值筛选出综合表现最好的10份材料，其中类群II的育种材料有7份，其表型特征显著优于其他类群（如株高均值达286.33 cm，穗重102.50 g），可作为种质创新与杂交组合构建的核心亲本材料。本研究为干旱半干旱条件下高粱种植提供了理论基础，同时为高粱种质资源的高效利用及新品种开发奠定了基础。

关键词: 中亚, 高粱, 种质资源, 遗传多样性

CLC Number:

S514
S324

WANG Hui, Zaituniguli·KUERBAN, HU Xiang-wei, ZHAO Yun, YANG Bao-yi, MA Yan-ming, XIAO Jing, HOU Sheng-lin, LIU Guo-qing, FENG Guo-jun. Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of 44 Sorghum Germplasm Resources Introduced from Central Asia[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(4): 1252-1261.

王卉, 再吐尼古丽·库尔班, 胡相伟, 赵云, 杨宝谊, 马艳明, 肖菁, 侯升林, 刘国庆, 冯国郡. 44份中亚引进高粱种质资源表型多样性分析[J]. 草地学报, 2026, 34(4): 1252-1261.

References

[1] SUHENDRO E L，MCDONOUGH C M，ROONEY L W，et al. Effects of processing conditions and sorghum cultivar on alkaline-processed snacks[J]. Cereal Chemistry，2007，75（2）：187-193
[2] ZHANG F Y，PING J A. Origin，domestication and diffusion of sorghum[J]. Shanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences，2022，68（4）：82-87 张福耀，平俊爱. 高粱的起源、驯化与传播[J]. 陕西农业科学，2022，68（4）：82-87
[3] YANG H C，CHANG X C，SUN X D. Research advances in sorghum quality and its application in food and feed[J]. Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences，2024（12）：96-102 杨焕春，常向彩，孙向东. 高粱营养品质及在食品和饲料方面开发应用研究进展[J]. 黑龙江农业科学，2024，（12）：96-102
[4] QU X C，YANG W，LIANG J，et al. Discussion on problems of grain sorghum industry in China[J]. Northeast Agricultural Sciences，2020，45（2）：16-19，35 曲祥春，杨微，梁军，等. 中国粒用高粱产业问题探讨[J]. 东北农业科学，2020，45（2）：16-19，35
[5] GUO R. Currentsituation problems and solutions of grain sorghum breeding[J]. Agricultural Engineering Technology，2019，39（2）：89 郭睿. 粒用高粱育种现状、问题与解决措施[J]. 农业工程技术，2019，39（2）：89
[6] XU Y，TANG C C，HE S Y，et al. Identification and evaluation of 62 american-introduced sorghum sterile lines germplasm based on yield and quality traits for energy utilization[J]. Journal of China Agricultural University，2020，25（6）：1-11 许依，唐朝臣，何思洋，等. 62份从美国引进高粱不育系种质能源相关产量和品质性状评价[J]. 中国农业大学学报，2020，25（6）：1-11
[7] ZHANG Y Z，LI C H，MENG S，et al. Genetic diversity and cluster analysis of phenotypic traits of 175 imported sorghum （Sorghum bicolor（L.）Moench） germplasm resource in Jiangsu Province[J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University （Natural Science Edition），2022，42（3）：32-42 张一中，李春宏，孟珊，等. 江苏省引进高粱种质表型性状遗传多样性分析[J]. 山西农业大学学报（自然科学版），2022，42（3）：32-42
[8] LIAO M T，WEI F. Analysis of grain production and development potentiality in Central Asia based on GAEZ method[J]. Journal of Natural Resources，2021，36（3）：582-593 廖梦婷，魏凤. 中亚地区粮食生产潜力及发展潜力分析-基于GAEZ方法[J]. 自然资源学报，2021，36（3）：582-593
[9] LU P. Descriptors and data standard for sorghum [Sorghum bicolor （L.） Moench][M]. Beijing：China Agriculture Press，2006：20-32 陆平. 高粱种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M]. 北京：中国农业出版社，2006：20-32
[10] CHEN X Y，WANG Y J，LUO J W， et al. Genetic diversity in main characters of wheat landraces in shaanxi province[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops，2007，27（3）：456-460 陈雪燕，王亚娟，雒景吾，等. 陕西省小麦地方品种主要性状的遗传多样性研究[J]. 麦类作物学报，2007，27（3）：456-460
[11] JONES J R，LAWRENCE H G，YULE I J. A Statistical comparison of international fertiliser spreader test methods-Confidence in bout width calculations[J]. Powder Technol. 2008（184）：337-351
[12] TANG H，XU C，JIANG Y，et al. Evaluation of physical characteristics of typical maize seeds in a cold area of north China based on principal component analysis[J]. Processes，2021，9（7）：1167
[13] YU S，TANG Y，LAN H，et al. Construction method of quantitative evaluation model for the maturity of korla fragrant pear. Engineering，2022（15）：243-250
[14] WANG X M，QIU L J，JING R L，et al. Evaluation on phenotypic traits of crop germplasm：status and development[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources，2022，23（1）：12-20 王晓鸣，邱丽娟，景蕊莲，等. 作物种质资源表型性状鉴定评价：现状与趋势[J]. 植物遗传资源学报，2022，23（1）：12-20
[15] LIU Z，GAO C，LI J， et al. Phenotypic diversity analysis and superior family selection of industrial raw material forest species-Pinus yunnanensis Franch. Forests 2022（13）：618
[16] LAITINEN RAE，NIKOLOSKI Z. Genetic basis of plasticity in plants[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany，2019，70（3）：739-745
[17] LOZADA D N，CARTER A H. Insights into the genetic architecture of phenotypic stability traits in winter wheat[J]. Agronomy， 2020，10（3）：368
[18] YU Y H，WU Y T，ZENG X，et al. Present situation of utilization on rice dwarf gene resources and its research advances in molecular biology[J]. Hunan Agricultural Sciences，2007（5）：20-24 余应弘，吴云天，曾翔，等. 水稻矮源遗传研究与利用. 湖南农业科学，2007（5）：20-24
[19] LI S N，LIU W，HU X M，et al. History of rice breeding in modern and contemporary china[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences，2023，51（11）：20-26 李胜男，刘伟，胡兴明，等. 近现代中国水稻育种历程[J]. 江苏农业科学，2023，51（11）：20-26
[20] HE Z H，ZHUANG Q S，CHENG S H，et al. Wheat production and technology improvement in China[J]. Journal of Agriculture，2018，8（1）：99-106 何中虎，庄巧生，程顺和，等. 中国小麦产业发展与科技进步[J]. 农学学报，2018，8（1）：99-106
[21] NIU X J，WANG X D，WANG J P，et al. Genetic diversity and comprehensive evaluation of sorghum germplasm based on phenotypic traits[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources，2024，25（4）：562-575 牛雪婧，王新栋，王金萍，等. 高粱地方种质资源表型多样性分析及综合评价[J]. 植物遗传资源学报，2024，25（4）：562-575
[22] FENG G J，LI H Q，YE K，et al. Genetic diversity and cluster analysis of sweet sorghum germplasm in Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources，2012，13（3）：398-405 冯国郡，李宏琪，叶凯，等. 甜高粱种质资源在新疆的多样性表现及聚类分析[J]. 植物遗传资源学报， 2012， 13（3）： 398-405
[23] GAO J，FENG G C，LI X R，et al. Phenotypic diversity and clustering analysis of sorghum germplasm resources in different regions of guizhou province[J]. Crops，2020（6）：54-60 高杰，封广才，李晓荣，等. 贵州不同地区高粱种质资源表型多样性与聚类分析[J]. 作物杂志，2020（6）：54-60
[24] AYANA A，BEKELE E. Geographical patterns of morphological variation in sorghum （Sorghum bicolor（L.） Moench） germplasm from Ethiopia and Eritrea： Quantitative characters[J]. Euphytica，2000，115（2）：91-104
[25] ZHANG Y ZH，ZHANG X J，LIANG D，et al. Genetic diversity analysis and comprehensive evaluation of sorghum breeding materials based on phenotypic traits[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica，2023，56（15）：2837-2857 张一中，张晓娟，梁笃，等. 基于表型性状的高粱育种材料遗传多样性分析及综合评价[J]. 中国农业科学，2023，56（15）：2837-2857
[26] WANG H G，JIA G Q，ZHI H，et al. Phenotypic diversity evaluations of foxtail millet core collections[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica，2016，42（1）：19-30 王海岗，贾冠清，智慧，等. 谷子核心种质表型遗传多样性分析及综合评价[J]. 作物学报， 2016， 42（1）： 19-30
[27] STRELCHENKO P，OKUIZUMI H，SHEHZAD T，et al. Genetic relationships of sorghum germplasm in Asia and Africa revealed by rice cDNA-STS and Indel markers[J]. Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences，2010（3）：259-268

Phenotypic Diversity Analysis of 44 Sorghum Germplasm Resources Introduced from Central Asia

44份中亚引进高粱种质资源表型多样性分析

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 9

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	WANG Xue, LIU Xiao-jing, ZHAO Ya-jiao, WANG Jing. Dynamic Characteristics of Nitrogen Nutrition in Alfalfa/Sweet Sorghum Intercropping Under Different Root Interaction Intensities [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(1): 76-83.
[2]	HE Zhen-fu, HE Chun-gui, WANG Fei, CHEN Ping. Analysis of Production Performance and Quality of Different Types of Forage Sorghum [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2021, 29(7): 1446-1453.
[3]	SUN Yu-qin, CHEN Cai-jin, WU Juan, ZENG Yan-xia, ZHANG Xiao-juan, CHEN Zhi-long, SHANG Ji-hong, GAO Ting, ZHANG Rong, MA Jian-hua. Studies on the Production Performance and Nutritional Value of Forage Sorghum Varieties in the Semiarid Area of South Ningxia [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2020, 28(6): 1615-1625.
[4]	FU Bing-zhe, CHANG Wei, LI Ze-ya, GAO Xue-qin. Comparative experiment of forage sorghum varieties in the Ningxia irrigation area [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2019, 27(6): 1751-1758.
[5]	SU Dong, YU Lin-qing, ZHOU Yan-lin, SUN Juan-juan, WANG Fu-gui, WU Ri-na. Establishment of A Tetraploid Alfalfa Family and Analysis of Its Genetic Variability [J]. , 2011, 19(4): 657-662.
[6]	WAN Xiao-hong, WEI Ge-hong, YANG Ya-zhen, ZHU Yu-hua. Phenotype Diversities of Rhizobia Isolated from Different starins of Medicago sativa [J]. , 2004, 12(4): 276-280.
[7]	LI Yuan, ZHAO Hai-ming, YOU Yong-liang, WU Rui-xin, ZHANG Sui-lin, LIU Gui-bo. Analysis of the Relationship between Stem Traits and Lodging Resistance of Forage Sorghum [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2020, 28(6): 1798-1804.
[8]	Zaituniguli KUERBAN, Tuerxun TUERHONG, SHAN QIMIKE, WANG Hui, TU Zhen-dong, Aikebaier YILAHONG. Study on The Change of Soil Nutrient Content in The Growth Period of Sweet Sorghum under Different Fertilization [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2021, 29(1): 103-113.
[9]	ZOU Wei-peng, ZHAI Jia-xing, LI Di-na, HUANG Jie-qiong, GUO Kang-jie, CEN Hui-fang, ZHU Hui-sen, XU Tao. Identification of Alfalfa NAC Gene Family and Analysis of Their Expression Patterns under Abiotic Stress [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(8): 2440-2458.