Abstract: The genetic diversities of 40 populations of 9 Elymus species from China were determined, using morphology, allozyme and microsatellite markers for 28 morphological traits, seven allozyme loci and eleven pairs of microsatellite primers. Morphological traits differed greatly among populations and variation trends also deviated within species and populations. The distance between the flag leaf and the spike of a plant, the growth rate during the seedling to the tillering stage, the rachilla and the plant villus grade varied species from species, though the spike shape, the spike pitch number, the plant height, and the palea changed unvaryingly. Dendrogram of relationships showed that, though E.dahuricus Turcz., E.cylindricus (Franch.)Honda, and E.purpuraristatus C. P. Wang et H. L. Yang varied to a great extent, populations of E.nutans Griseb.L., and E.sibiricus Linn. clearly clustered together within the species.

Key words: Elymus, Morphological trait, Allozyme, Microsattelite, Genetic diversity

摘要： 以我国 9 种披碱草属(Elymus L. )的40个居群为材料, 采用形态学、等位酶和微卫星3 种标记对28个形态特征、7个等位酶位点和 11对SSR引物进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:不同居群的披碱草间形态差异显著; 不同种、居群和形态特征变异规律也有所不同。旗叶与穗基部长度、生长速度( 幼苗-分蘖) 、小穗柄、植株绒毛分级在种内变异较大, 而穗的形状、穗节数、株高和内稃的变化较为稳定。聚类分析结果表明:披碱草(E.dahuricus Turcz.) 、圆柱披碱草(E.cylindri-cus( Franch.) Honda) 、紫芒披碱草(E. purpuraristatus C. P. Wang et H. L. Yang)变异很大, 垂穗披碱草(E.nutans Griseb L.)和老芒麦(E.sibiricus Linn.) 的居群按种归类比较清晰明显。

关键词: 披碱草, 形态特征, 等位酶, 微卫星, 遗传多样性