Abstract: In order to evaluate the contribution of different vegetation types on the process of soil restoration in coal gangue dump,this study took the Jinhuagong coal gangue dump as the research object which was piled up for more than 60 years in Datong city of Shanxi Province. Soil physical and chemical properties of three vegetation types (herbaceous plants,shrubs,trees) and the controls (bare land) within 0～30 cm soil layer were detected in different seasons (spring,summer,autumn) and the number of microorganisms were tested. The results showed that:the number of all bacterias were significantly increased under three vegetation types,and the increase of fungi was higher than that of bacteria and actinomycetes，the number of fungi was 3.95,2.87 and 3.50 times higher than that of bare land,respectively. Bacteria number was the highest in summer,while actinomycetes in spring and fungi in autumn. The contents of soil organic matter,available nitrogen and available potassium were increased,and soil pH was decreased. The above results showed that the number of culturable microorganisms were increased by increasing the nutrient content in the soil under three vegetation types,especially the number of fungi,That was more favorable to increase the number of microorganisms in 20~30 cm soil layer. The effect of herbage and shrub on the increase of the number of surface soil microorganisms was better than that of arbor.

Key words: Coal gangue dump, Soil microbial quantity, Physical and chemical properties, Season dynamics

摘要： 为探究不同植被类型在煤矸石山修复过程中对土壤修复的响应，以排矸超过60年的自然恢复煤矸石山为研究对象，在3个季节（春季、夏季、秋季），对3种植被类型（草本植物、灌木、乔木）根围0～30 cm土层范围内的土壤微生物数量和理化性质进行研究。结果表明：3种植被类型均显著增加了煤矸石山微生物的数量；草本植物、灌木和乔木对真菌数量的增加量要高于细菌和放线菌；分别是裸地的3.95，2.87，3.50倍；细菌、放线菌和真菌数量的峰值分别出现在夏季、春季和秋季。3种植被类型均增加了土壤有机质、速效氮和速效钾的含量；降低了土壤pH值。植被通过增加土壤有机质和速效养分含量，增加了煤矸石山区土壤中3大类可培养微生物的数量，尤其是真菌的数量。植被生长更有利于20～30 cm土层微生物数量的增加，草本植物和灌木对表层土壤微生物数量的增加效果好于乔木。

关键词: 煤矸石山, 微生物数量, 理化性质, 季节变化