Abstract: Shortage of legume with high productivity and quality was considered as one of the vital limited factors in husbandry of alpine regions. Breeding legume species with high productivity and good palatability was critical factor to determine the achievement in establishment of artificial grassland. However,little studies have paid an attention to the breeding of strong adaptability and genetic diversity of Pisum sativum germplasm in alpine regions. Therefore,150 P. sativum germplasms originated from domestic and exotic were evaluated on their agronomic traits and genetic diversities through the principal component (PCA) and cluster analysis. Our results revealed that the coefficient of genetic variation of quantitative traits among the 150 examined P. sativum germplasms were relatively large,the average variation coefficient and genetic diversity index of 6 qualitative traits are 32.22% and 0.96,respectively. Similarly,the average variation coefficients and genetic diversity indexes of 17 quantitative traits were 41.39% and 1.79. Agronomic traits of 150 tested germplasms could be classify into 6 principal components,and the cumulative contribution of those components reached to 72.25% according to the PCA. Furthermore,150 tested P. sativum germplasms could be divided into three group as forage yield group,grain quantity group and seed size group based on the methodical cluster analysis. Our results would provide a theoretical foundation and basic support for selecting and breeding of strong adaptive P. sativum germplasm for establishing high quality artificial grassland in alpine regions.

Key words: Pisum sativum, Germplasm resource, Agronomic traits, Genetic diversity

摘要： 高寒区匮乏的豆科牧草限制了其饲草的产量和品质，发展产量高、品质优的豌豆是高寒人工饲草基地建设的关键。为筛选高寒区优良的豌豆种质资源，本研究以国内外150份豌豆种质资源为研究对象，采用主成分分析、聚类分析方法对供试豌豆种质资源开展农艺性状评价及遗传多样性分析。结果表明：供试豌豆种质资源的数量性状遗传变异系数大，6个质量性状的平均变异系数与遗传多样性指数分别为32.22%和0.96，17个数量性状的平均变异系数与遗传多样性指数分别是41.39%，1.79。17个农艺性状简化为6个主成分，累计贡献率为72.25%；系统聚类分析方法将150份豌豆材料分为产草量、籽粒数量和籽粒大小3大类群。因此，本研究可为适宜高寒区种植优异豌豆种质资源筛选、选育及豌豆种质资源保护利用奠定理论基础和提供基本依据。

关键词: 豌豆, 种质资源, 农艺性状, 遗传多样性