Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 491-500.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2016.03.003

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Response and Mechanism of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Abiotic Stress

LI Fang, GAO Ping, DUAN Ting-yu   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730020, China
  • Received:2015-05-21 Revised:2016-03-09 Online:2016-06-15 Published:2016-09-18

AM菌根真菌对非生物逆境的响应及其机制

李芳, 高萍, 段廷玉   

  1. 草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室 兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 通讯作者: 段廷玉
  • 作者简介:李芳(1990-),女,青海西宁人,硕士研究生,E-mail:lif2013@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    甘肃省自然科学基金项目(1208RJZA270);国家自然科学基金项目(31100368/C0309);973国家重点基础研究计划(2007CB108900)资助

Abstract:

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) widely exist in agro-ecosystems, and the fungi could establish a symbiosis relationship with plants. The symbiotes could improve plant resistance to abiotic stress, and the possible mechanism may include:improve soil physical and chemical characters and rhizosphere microflora; improve plant nutrient uptake,water absorption and utilization; enhance the activities of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) and increase the concentrations of antioxidant molecules (glutathione and ascorbate); reduce superoxide oxygen, induce plant production of signal substances and secondary substance; and they could also induce plant defense gene expression. Effects of AMF on plant abiotic stress resistance, such as drought, salt, heavy metal, and temperature stresses were summarized based on the literatures published both nationally and internationally. The prospects in the field of AM fungi enhancing plant abiotic stress resistance are discussed at the same time.

Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Abiotic stress, Stress resistance

摘要:

丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)广泛存在于农业生态系统中,是土壤中重要的微生物成员之一,能与宿主形成共生体,对植物具有多种有益效应。AM真菌共生体可改善土壤理化性状,改善根围微生物区系,促进植物水分和养分吸收利用,提高植物抗氧化保护酶(SOD,POD,CAT,PPO,PAL)活性和抗氧化剂(谷胱甘肽和抗坏血酸)含量,增加渗透调节物质的含量,减少超氧自由基的产生,诱导信号物质和次生代谢物质产生,诱导植物防卫基因表达,从而促进植物对非生物逆境的抗性,降低逆境胁迫对植物造成的伤害。通过总结近年来国内外有关AM真菌提高宿主植物对干旱、盐、温度、重金属等非生物逆境抗性的研究进展,阐述了AM真菌提高植物抗逆性的作用机制,同时讨论了AM真菌在植物抗生物逆境领域的前景。

关键词: AM真菌, 非生物逆境, 抗逆性

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