Tannin Species and Dose Effects in Ruminant Production

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2024.08.001

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (8): 2337-2345.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2024.08.001

Tannin Species and Dose Effects in Ruminant Production

ZHANG Jia-xuan¹, GE Zhen-ying², LIU Ru-jie², ZHONG Qing-zhen², SUN Ze-wei²

1. College of Forestry and Grass Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China;
2. College of Animal science and technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130118, China

Received:2023-11-14 Revised:2024-01-08 Published:2024-09-07

单宁种类和剂量效应在反刍动物生产中的应用

张家轩¹, 葛振影², 刘汝杰², 仲庆振², 孙泽威²

1. 吉林农业大学林学与草学学院, 吉林长春 130118;
2. 吉林农业大学动物科学技术学院, 吉林长春 130118

通讯作者: 孙泽威,E-mail:sun-zewei@jlau.edu.cn
作者简介:张家轩(1999-),男,汉族,吉林榆树人,硕士研究生,主要从事草食动物营养学研究,E-mail:jasonchang0817@outlook.com
基金资助:
吉林省重大科技专项(20230303008SF)资助

Abstract

Abstract: Tannins are a class of polyphenols widely distributed in plants and are secondary metabolites produced by plants. Because of their ability to bind proteins and carbohydrates,appropriate doses of tannins are beneficial to the utilization of nutrients by ruminants. The different properties of different tannins are mainly due to different plant sources as well as differences in the chemical formulas and molecular weights of the tannins. This paper summarized the chemical properties of tannins and the characteristics of binding proteins and carbohydrates,and focused on clarifying the differences of the effects of tannins with different characteristics and doses in the rumen,which could put forward a scientific reference for the rational utilization of tannins and provide new ideas for the future precise regulation of ruminant nutrition.

Key words: Plant tannins, Ruminant, Rumen, Protein degradation, Carbohydrate fermentation, Microflora, Biohydrogenation

摘要： 单宁是一类广泛分布于植物体内的多酚类物质，是植物自身产生的一种次级代谢产物。因其具有结合蛋白质和碳水化合物的特性，适宜剂量的单宁反而有利于反刍动物对营养物质的利用。但因不同植物分子量以及分子结构存在的差异导致不同单宁的特性也不尽相同。本文总结了单宁的化学性质以及结合蛋白质和碳水化合物的特性，重点阐明了不同特性及剂量的单宁在瘤胃内作用效果的差异，为日后合理利用单宁提供科学参考，为未来精准调控反刍动物营养提供新思路。

关键词: 植物单宁, 反刍动物, 瘤胃, 蛋白质降解, 碳水化合物发酵, 微生物区系, 生物氢化

CLC Number:

S816.7

ZHANG Jia-xuan, GE Zhen-ying, LIU Ru-jie, ZHONG Qing-zhen, SUN Ze-wei. Tannin Species and Dose Effects in Ruminant Production[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(8): 2337-2345.

张家轩, 葛振影, 刘汝杰, 仲庆振, 孙泽威. 单宁种类和剂量效应在反刍动物生产中的应用[J]. 草地学报, 2024, 32(8): 2337-2345.

0
/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/EN/10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2024.08.001

https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/EN/Y2024/V32/I8/2337

References

[1] 宋青龙,秦贵信. 饲料中的抗营养因子及其消除方法[J]. 国外畜牧学(猪与禽),2003(3):9-12
[2] 王冲,娄玉杰. 常见饲料中抗营养因子及对动物的影响[J]. 家畜生态,2000(4):39-43
[3] CHEN L,BAO X Y,GUO G. Effects of Hydrolysable Tannin with or without Condensed Tannin on Alfalfa Silage Fermentation Characteristics and In Vitro Ruminal Methane Production,Fermentation Patterns,and Microbiota[J]. Animals,2021,11(7):1967-1985
[4] LEI C,XUEYAN B,GANG G,et al. Treatment of alfalfa silage with tannin acid at different levels modulates ensiling characteristics,methane mitigation,ruminal fermentation patterns and microbiota[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2021(278):114997
[5] SONG Y Y,LUO Y,YU B. Tannic acid extracted from gallnut prevents post-weaning diarrhea and improves intestinal health of weaned piglets[J]. Animal Nutrition,2021,7(4):1078-1086
[6] PATRA A K,SAXENA J. Exploitation of dietary tannins to improve rumen metabolism and ruminant nutrition[J]. Journal of the Science of Food Agricultural,2011,91(1):24-37
[7] WANG Y S,WANG L Z,WANG Z S. Recent advances in research in the rumen bloat of ruminant animals fed high-concentrate diets[J]. Frontiers in Veterinary Science,2023(10):339-347
[8] 李元恒,金龙,韩国栋,等. 植物单宁在反刍动物营养和健康养殖作用中的研究进展[J]. 草地学报,2013,21(6):1043-1051
[9] HUANG Q,LIU X,ZHAO G. Potential and challenges of tannins as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics for farm animal production[J]. Animal Nutrition,2018,4(2):137-150
[10] ZHANG L L,GUAN Q H,ZHANG H. Effect of metal ions on the interaction of condensed tannins with protein[J]. Foods,2023,12(4):829-829
[11] MCSWEENEY C S,PALMER B,MCNEILL D M. Microbial interactions with tannins:nutritional consequences for ruminants[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2001,91(1-2):83-93
[12] ARAPITSAS P. Hydrolyzable tannin analysis in food[J]. Food Chemistry,2012,135(3):1708-1717
[13] BESHARATI M,MAGGIOLINO A,PALANGI V. Tannin in ruminant nutrition:Review[J]. Molecules,2022,27(23):8273-8299
[14] 梁泽毅,张剑搏,郑娟善,等. 单宁的生物学功能及其在反刍动物营养中的研究进展[J]. 动物营养学报,2020,32(11):5059-5068
[15] JACKSON F S,MCNABB W C,BARRY T N. The condensed tannin content of a range of subtropical and temperate forages and the reactivity of condensed tannin with ribulose- 1,5-bis-phosphate carboxylase(Rubisco)protein[J]. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,1996,72(4):483-492
[16] ADAMCZYK B,SIMON J,KITUNEN V. Tannins and their complex interaction with different organic nitrogen compounds and enzymes:Old paradigms versus recent advances[J]. Chemistry Open,2017,6(5):610-614
[17] DANIEL E M,KRUPNICK A S,HEUR Y H. Extraction,stability,and quantitation of ellagic acid in various fruits and nuts[J]. Journal of Food Composition & Analysis,1989,2(4):338-349
[18] ALVAREZ-PARRILLA E,ROSA L,URREA-LÓPEZ R. Bioactive components and health effects of pecan nuts and their byproducts:a review[J]. Journal of Food Bioactives,2018(1):56-92
[19] PRIDA A,PUECH J L. Influence of geographical origin and botanical species on the content of extractives in American,French,and East European oak woods[J]. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry,2006,54(21):8115-8126
[20] LAGRANGE S P,MACADAM J W,VILLALBA J J. The use of temperate tannin containing forage legumes to improve sustainability in forage-livestock production[J]. Agronomy-Basel,2021,11(11):18-28
[21] GEBREHIWOT L,BEUSELINCK P R,ROBERTS C A. Seasonal variations in condensed tannin concentration of three lotus species[J]. Agronomy Journal,2002,94(5):1059-1065
[22] 陈艳琴. 山蚂蝗属植物单宁含量动态变化及其饲用价值研究[D]. 海口:海南大学,2011:18
[23] 陈子凡. 不同生长期珠芽蓼缩合单宁的含量与结构及其对体外瘤胃发酵的影响[D]. 兰州:兰州大学,2022:46
[24] 李丹,邱静,谷旭,等. 不同大豆原料中单宁含量的差别分析[J]. 饲料工业,2016,37(1):38-41
[25] 冯淦熠,李瑞,黄瑞林,等. 高粱的营养价值与抗营养因子及在猪和家禽生产中的应用[J]. 动物营养学报,2022,34(4):2073-2086
[26] 刘中英,王春芳,曹兵海. 香蕉叶与香蕉全株营养成分和单宁含量的比较分析[J]. 饲料工业,2014,35(1):32-33
[27] 张欢,王丽慧,李冰,等. 酿酒葡萄渣单宁及主要营养成分含量分析[J]. 饲料工业,2019,40(19):11-15
[28] FITRI A,OBITSU T,SUGINO T. Effect of ensiling persimmon peel and grape pomace as tannin-rich byproduct feeds on their chemical composition and in vitro rumen fermentation[J]. Animal Science Journal,2021,92(1):e13524
[29] KOCZWARA M. Recent studies on tannins of vegetable origin[J]. Farmacja Polska,1962(18):127-132
[30] SILVA S A,NABAVI F S,SAEEDI M. Recent advances in natural products analysis[M]. 1st edition. Amsterdam:Elsevier,2020:132-146
[31] MUELLER-HARVEY I. Unravelling the conundrum of tannins in animal nutrition and health[J]. Journal of the Science and Food Agricultural,2006,86(13):2010-2037
[32] FRAGA-CORRAL M,GARCIA-OLIVEIRA P,PEREIRA A G. Technological application of tannin-based extracts[J]. Molecules,2020,25(3):614-641
[33] VILLANUEVA X,ZHEN L,ARES J N. Effect of chemical modifications of tannins on their antimicrobial and antibiofilm effect against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria[J]. Frontiers Microbiology,2023(13):4905
[34] BLOMSTRAND B M,ENEMARK H L,STEINSHAMN H. Administration of spruce bark (Picea abies) extracts in young lambs exhibits anticoccidial effects but reduces milk intake and body weight gain[J]. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica,2022,64(1):629-639
[35] 冯定远,汪儆. 抗营养因子及其处理研究进展[C] //中国畜牧兽医学会.2000动物营养研究进展—全国畜禽饲养标准学术讨论会暨营养研究会成立大会论文集. 北京：中国农业出版社,2000:18
[36] 夏艳秋,刘汝杰,赵雨菲,等. 蚕豆中非营养性化合物的生物活性及其加工钝化研究进展[J]. 中国畜牧杂志,2023,7(59):54-58
[37] ISABELLE L,NOBLE C A. Polyphenols:factors influencing their sensory properties and their effects on food and beverage preferences[J]. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,2005,81(1):330-335
[38] ALIPOUR D,ROUZBEHAN Y. Effects of several levels of extracted tannin from grape pomace on intestinal digestibility of soybean meal[J]. Livestock Science,2010,128(1-3):87-91
[39] AVILA S C,KOZLOSKI G V,ORLANDI T. Impact of a tannin extract on digestibility,ruminal fermentation and duodenal flow of amino acids in steers fed maize silage and concentrate containing soybean meal or canola meal as protein source[J]. Journal of the Agriculture Science,2015,153(5):943-953
[40] DENTINHO M T P,BELO A T,BESSA R J B. Digestion,ruminal fermentation and microbial nitrogen supply in sheep fed soybean meal treated with Cistus ladanifer L. tannins[J]. Small Ruminant Research,2014,119(1-3):57-64
[41] FONSECA N V,CARDOSO A D,BAHIA A S. Additive tannins in ruminant nutrition:An alternative to achieve sustainability in animal production[J]. Sustainability,2023,15(5):4162
[42] BARRY T N,MANLEY T R,DUNCAN S J. The role of condensed tannins in the nutritional value of Lotus pedunculatus for sheep. 4. Sites of carbohydrate and protein digestion as influenced by dietary reactive tannin concentration[J]. The British Journal of Nutrition,1986,55(1):123-137
[43] BARRY T N,MANLEY T R. Interrelationships between the concentrations of total condensed tannin,free condensed tannin and lignin in Lotus sp. and their possible consequences in ruminant nutrition[J]. Journal of the Science and Food Agricultural,1986,37(3):248-254
[44] PATAR A K,JYOTISNA S. Dietary phytochemicals as rumen modifiers:a review of the effects on microbial populations[J]. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek,2009,96(4):363-375
[45] BAE H D,MCALLISTER T A,YANKE J. Effects of condensed tannins on endoglucanase activity and filter paper digestion by fibrobacter succinogenes S85[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1993,59(7):2132-2138
[46] WITZIG M,ZEDER M,RODEHUTSCORD M. Effect of the ionophore monensin and tannin extracts supplemented to grass silage on populations of ruminal cellulolytics and methanogens in vitro[J]. Anaerobe,2018(50):44-54
[47] BARTEL I,KOSZARSKA M,WYSOCKI K. Effect of dried apple pomace (DAP) as a feed additive on antioxidant system in the rumen fluid[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences,2022,23(18):10475
[48] ISHIDA K,KISHI Y,OISHI K. Effects of feeding polyphenol-rich winery wastes on digestibility,nitrogen utilization,ruminal fermentation,antioxidant status and oxidative stress in wethers[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences,2015,86(3):260-269
[49] ABARGHUEI M J,ROUZBEHAN Y,ALIPOUR D. The influence of the grape pomace on the ruminal parameters of sheep[J]. Livestock Science,2010,132(1):73-79
[50] TAETHAISONG N,PAENGKOUM S,KAEWWONGSA W. The effect of neem leaf supplementation on growth performance,rumen fermentation,and ruminal microbial population in goats[J]. Animals,2023,13(5):890-904
[51] CARDOSO-GUTIERREZ E,ARANDA-AGUIRRE E,ROBLES-JIMENEZ L E. Effect of tannins from tropical plants on methane production from ruminants:A systematic review[J]. Veterinary and Animal Science,2021(14):100214
[52] VARGAS-ORTIZ L,CHAVEZ-GARCIA D,BARROS-RODRIGUEZ M. Rumen function and in vitro gas production of diets influenced by two levels of tannin-rich forage[J]. Fermentation,2022,8(11):607-618
[53] ALBORES-MORENO S,AlAVÓN-GAMBOA J A,MIRANDA-ROMERO L A. Effect of tree foliage supplementation of tropical grass diet on in vitro digestibility and fermentation,microbial biomass synthesis and enteric methane production in ruminants[J]. Tropical Animal Health and Production,2018,51(4):893-904
[54] SUYBENG B,CHARMLEY E,GARDINER C P. Supplementing northern australian beef cattle with desmanthus tropical legume reduces in-vivo methane emissions[J]. Animals,2020,10(11):2097-2114
[55] GILLER K,BOSSUT L,EGGERSCHWILER L. In vitro ruminal fermentation,methane production and nutrient degradability as affected by fruit and vegetable pomaces in differing concentrations[J]. Journal of Animal Physiology Animal Nutrition,2022,106(5):957-967
[56] JAYANEGARA A,YAMAN A,KHOTIJAH L. Reduction of proteolysis of high protein silage from Moringa and Indigofera leaves by addition of tannin extract[J]. Veterinary World,2019,12(2):211-217
[57] TABACCO E,BORREANI G,CROVETTO G M. Effect of chestnut tannin on fermentation quality,proteolysis,and protein rumen degradability of alfalfa silage[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2006,89(12):4736-4746
[58] 赵梦迪. 添加低水平缩合单宁对青贮野火球发酵品质及延边黄牛瘤胃体外发酵影响[D]. 延边:延边大学,2020:24
[59] DENTINHO M T P,PAULOS K,PORTUGAL P V. Proteolysis and in situ ruminal degradation of lucerne ensiled with Cistus ladanifer tannins[J]. Grass and Forage Science,2019,74(1):78-85
[60] 陈雷,暴雪艳,郭刚,等. 单宁酸和乳酸菌对紫花苜蓿青贮品质和体外瘤胃发酵的影响[J]. 草地学报,2021,29(8):1853-1858
[61] JOLAZADEH A R,DEHGHAN-BANADAKY M,REZAYAZDI K. Effects of soybean meal treated with tannins extracted from pistachio hulls on performance,ruminal fermentation,blood metabolites and nutrient digestion of Holstein bulls[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2015,(203):33-40
[62] 杨冬梅,陶双伦,梁静,等. 添加单宁酸对青贮葛藤茎叶品质的影响[J]. 草地学报,2012,20(4):784-787
[63] 谢小来,马逢春,焦培鑫,等. 添加单宁酸对紫花苜蓿青贮品质及瘤胃体外产气量的影响[J]. 东北农业大学学报,2021,52(8):48-56
[64] 徐晓锋. 缩合单宁与水解单宁对奶牛日粮氮利用影响及作用机制的研究[D]. 北京:中国农业大学,2013:33-34
[65] 赵渊. 不同剂量单宁酸对育肥牛生产性能、瘤胃发酵、血液生化及免疫功能的影响[D]. 长沙:湖南农业大学,2021:17
[66] MENCI R,COPPA M,TORRENT A. Effects of two tannin extracts at different doses in interaction with a green or dry forage substrate on in vitro rumen fermentation and biohydrogenation[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2021(278):114997
[67] MEZZOMO R,PAULINO P V R,DETMANN E. Tannin on non-degradable digestible protein from proteic sources in cattle rumen[J]. Acta Scientiarum:Animal Sciences,2015,37(4):389-395
[68] ASQUITH T N,BUTLER L G. Interactions of condensed tannins with selected proteins[J]. Phytochemistry,1986,25(7):1591-1593
[69] BEAUCHEMIN K A,UNGERFELD E M,ECKARD R J. Review:Fifty years of research on rumen methanogenesis:lessons learned and future challenges for mitigation[J]. Animal,2020(14):S2-S16
[70] MARCO B,STEFANIA C,PIETRO P. In vitro effects of different levels of quebracho and chestnut tannins on rumen methane production,fermentation parameters,and microbiota[J]. Frontiers in Veterinary Science,2023(10):470-482
[71] LAVRENCIC A,PIRMAN T. In vitro gas and short-chain fatty acid production from soybean meal treated with chestnut and quebracho wood extracts by using sheep rumen fluid[J]. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences,2021,30(4):312-319
[72] BHATTA R,UYENO Y,TAJIMA K. Difference in the nature of tannins on in vitro ruminal methane and volatile fatty acid production and on methanogenic archaea and protozoal populations[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(11):5512-5522
[73] 黄小乘,刘思扬,田怡豪,等. 低水平缩合单宁对以豆粕和苜蓿为底物的体外发酵特性的影响[J]. 饲料工业,2022,43(13):38-43
[74] COSTA M, ALVES C P, CAPPUCCT A, et al. Effects of condensed and hydrolyzable tannins on rumen metabolism with emphasis on the biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2018,66(13):3367-3377
[75] WAGHORN G. Beneficial and detrimental effects of dietary condensed tannins for sustainable sheep and goat production-Progress and challenges[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2008,147(1-3):116-139
[76] JONES G A,MCALLISTER T A,MUIR A D. Effects of Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) condensed tannins on growth and proteolysis by four strains of ruminal bacteria[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1994,60(4):1374-1378
[77] MALIK P K,TRIVEDI S,KOLTE A P. Effect of an anti-methanogenic supplement on enteric methane emission,fermentation,and whole rumen metagenome in sheep[J]. Frontiers Microbiology,2022(13):4678-4686
[78] CHEN L,BAO X Y,GUO G. Treatment of alfalfa silage with tannin acid at different levels modulates ensiling characteristics,methane mitigation,ruminal fermentation patterns and microbiota[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2021(278):114997
[79] CARRASCO J M D,CABRAL C,REDONDO L M. Impact of chestnut and quebracho tannins on rumen microbiota of bovines[J]. Biomed Research International,2017(2017):1-11
[80] BAINBRIDGE M L,CERSOSIMO L M,WRIGHT A-D G. Rumen bacterial communities shift across a lactation in Holstein,Jersey and Holstein×Jersey dairy cows and correlate to rumen function,bacterial fatty acid composition and production parameters[J]. FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2016,92(5):fiw059
[81] GUDLA P,ABUGHAZALEH A A,ISHLAK A. The effect of level of forage and oil supplement on biohydrogenation intermediates and bacteria in continuous cultures[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2012,171(2):108-116
[82] CARREÑO D,HERVÁS G,TORAL P G. Ability of different types and doses of tannin extracts to modulate in vitro ruminal biohydrogenation in sheep[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2015(202):42-51(责任编辑闵芝智)第32卷第8期 Vol.32 No. 8草地学报 ACTAAGRESTIASINICA 2024年 8月

Tannin Species and Dose Effects in Ruminant Production

单宁种类和剂量效应在反刍动物生产中的应用

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	LIU Wei, YU Feng-min, MA Qian-peng, TE Gu-si-ba-ya-er, ZHANG Xiao-hua, ZAHNG Xing-jun, TAN Yi-yuan, JIA Yu-shan. Application of Xylanase in Silage and Ruminant Diet [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(1): 331-339.
[2]	CHEN Yu-hua, WEI Yuan-hao, JI Hui-min, HUANG Qian-qian. Effects of Phlorotannins extract on Rumen Fermentation Performance and Major Rumen Bacteria of Dairy Cow [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2023, 31(8): 2343-2351.
[3]	ZHENG Ming-li, MAO Pei-chun, TIAN Xiao-xia, ZHANG Su-han, MENG Lin. Effects of Grazed in the Artificial Mixture under Forest on Muscle Nutritional Quality and Intestinal Microflora of Beijing-you Chickens [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2023, 31(8): 2352-2360.
[4]	XU Jun-zhao, WANG Qi, HU Zong-fu, WU Bai-yila, NIU Hua-xin. Effects of Different Processing Methods of Corn Straw-as a Based Rations on Growth Performance,Apparent Nutrient Digestibility,Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Composition of Beef Cattle [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2023, 31(6): 1894-1901.
[5]	LI Xiao, CHEN Yong-cheng, HUANG Rong-zheng, QI Ya-yin, ZHANG Fan-fan, MA Chun-hui. Effects of Compound Starter on Silage Quality and Rumen Degradation Rate of Sunflower Byproduct [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2023, 31(5): 1564-1570.
[6]	FENG Qi-xian, ZHANG Lei, LI Yan, LING Wen-qing, LI Jue, ZHOU Yi, YANG Fu-lin, ZHOU Jing. Effects of Formic Acid Treatment on the Quality and Rumen Degradation Rate of Alfalfa Silage [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2023, 31(4): 1264-1272.
[7]	ZHU Kai, CHEN Jing-yu, LI Yue, WANG Zhan-hai, MA Dong-mei, SUN Yan. Research on the Standard Germination method of Echinochloa frumentacea Seeds [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2023, 31(3): 903-913.
[8]	JIA Xiao-hui, ZHANG Feng-ju, XIE Xiao-wei, WANG Bin, WANG Teng-fei, NI Wang, CHEN Yue-juan, XU Xing. Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizers on Performance and Nutrient Uptake of Echinochloa frumentacea in Saline-alkali Land [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2023, 31(1): 272-279.
[9]	ZHOU Ya-nan, XIA Hong-ze, LIU Shu-jie, SUN Lu, CUI Zhan-hong, ZHOU Lei, ZHOU Yu-qing. Effects of Different CBI Diets on Rumen Fermentation Parameters,Serum Biochemical Indices and Nutrient Digestibility of Yak [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(8): 2217-2222.
[10]	ZHANG Dan-dan, ZHANG Yuan-qing, LIANG Yuan, CHENG Jing, WANG Dong-cai, LI Bo, SUN Rui-feng, JIN Guang, XU Fang. Evaluation of the Associative Effects of Concentrate、Broussonetia papyrifera and Whole Plant Corn Silage based on Principal Component Analysis [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(7): 1909-1917.
[11]	YANG Yan-yan, SUN Yu, WU Chun-hui, LI Yun-qi, WU Rui-xin, WANG Ming-ya, LI Qiu-feng. Applying CNCPS system to Evaluate the Nutritive Value of Oat and Forage Triticale [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(4): 931-935.
[12]	WANG Li, WANG Chuan-jie, PAN Min, CHENG Zhi-qiang, WEI Yuan-hao, HUA He-liang, YIN Zhi-tong, ZHAO Guo-qi, HUANG Qian-qian. Study on Silage Fermentation Quality and Rumen Degradation Characteristics of Four Silage Maize Varieties [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(3): 568-574.
[13]	YANG Ying-yue, MAO Gui-lian, MA Dong-mei, ZHANG Feng-ju, XU Xing. Germination Characteristics of Four Forage Seeds Under Different Concentrations of NaCl or NaHCO₃ Stress [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(3): 637-645.
[14]	YAO Xi-xi, CHEN Yong-long, XU Cheng-ti, HAI Cun-xiu, LIU Hao-dong. Effects of Dietary Energy Level on Production Performance,Meat Quality and Rumen Microbes of Yak (Bos grunniens) [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(2): 432-439.
[15]	ZHOU Xue-li, MA Kun, WANG Ying-cheng, ZHAO Yang-an, QI Xing-min, TU Dan-jia, SHI De-jun, LU Guang-xin, DONG Shi-kui. Effects of Organic Fertilizer on Soil Microflora in Degraded Grassland around Qinghai Lake [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(12): 3191-3198.