草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 788-795.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.03.005

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

绞股蓝属5种植物的染色体倍性及核型分析

陈霜1, 曹峰1, 李豆豆1, 郭宝林1, 索凤梅1, 曹显俊2, 李晓虎2   

  1. 1. 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所, 北京 100193;
    2. 陕西萃源康农业科技有限公司, 陕西 安康 725000
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-26 修回日期:2025-08-12 发布日期:2026-03-23
  • 通讯作者: 郭宝林,E-mail:guobaolin010@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈霜(2004-),女,汉族,四川南充人,硕士研究生,主要从事绞股蓝种质资源研究,E-mail:cs17738210796@163.com;
  • 基金资助:
    “陕西省2024年重点研发计划”项目基于生境和生物化学等多维评价的陕产药用绞股蓝种植模式研究(项目编号:2024SF-GJHX-10)资助

Chromosomal Ploidy and Karyotype Analysis of 5 Plant Species of Gynostemma Genus

CHEN Shuang1, CAO Feng1, LI Dou-dou1, GUO Bao-lin1, SUO Feng-mei1, CAO Xian-jun2, LI Xiao-hu2   

  1. 1. Institute of Medicinal Plants Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193;
    2. Shaanxi Cuiyuankang Agricultural Technology, Ankang, Shaanxi Province 725000, China
  • Received:2025-06-26 Revised:2025-08-12 Published:2026-03-23

摘要: 本研究利用常规染色体压片技术,对绞股蓝属5个物种8个样品的倍性及核型进行分析,探讨它们之间的进化趋势和亲缘关系,发现8个样品的染色体基数均为11,除福建南靖产绞股蓝Gynostemma pentaphyllum为四倍体,其余均为二倍体;8个样品中2个样品有随体,染色体类型包括m,sm 2种,核型有1A,2A,1B,2B 4个类型,最长染色体/最短染色体值1.48~3.26,平均臂比值1.26~1.45,核不对称系数55.59%~58.56%。按照核型类型的进化程度分别为GXH,WZ>GXY>AH,FJ>MD,GXB、YJ。这些数据为绞股蓝属植物分类和系统关系研究提供了细胞学依据。

关键词: 绞股蓝属, 染色体, 倍性, 核型

Abstract: This study employed conventional chromosome squash techniques to analyze the ploidy levels and karyotypes of eight samples from five Gynostemma species, aiming to investigate their evolutionary trends and phylogenetic relationships. The results revealed that all eight samples exhibited a basic chromosome number of 11. Among them, G.pentaphyllum collected from Fujian Nanjing was tetraploid, while the remaining seven samples were diploid. Satellite chromosomes were observed in two samples. Chromosome types included two categories: m (metacentric) and sm (submetacentric). Karyotype classifications comprised four types: 1A, 2A, 1B, and 2B. The ratio of the longest to shortest chromosome ranged from 1.48 to 3.26, with an average arm ratio of 1.26-1.45. The karyotypic asymmetry coefficient varied between 55.59% and 58.56%. Based on karyotype evolution, the samples were ordered as follows: GXH, WZ>GXY>AH, FJ>MD, GXB, YJ. These findings provide cytological evidence for the taxonomic classification and phylogenetic analysis of Gynostemma species.

Key words: Gynostemma, Chromosomes, Ploidy, Karyotype

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