草地学报

›› 2005, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (4): 269-273.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2005.04.002

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

披碱草和野大麦杂种F1与BC1代细胞遗传学研究

李造哲1, 云锦凤1, 于卓2, 何丽君2   

  1. 1. 内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院;
    2. 内蒙古农业大学农学院, 呼和浩特, 010019
  • 收稿日期:2005-02-03 修回日期:2005-05-09 出版日期:2005-11-15 发布日期:2005-11-15
  • 作者简介:李造哲(1962- ),男,副教授,博士,从事牧草种质资源及育种研究,E-mail:zaozheli@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助(30260074)

Studies on Cytogenetics of Elymus Dahuricus,Hordeum Brevisubulatum and Their Hybrid F1 and BC1

LI Zao-zhe1, YUN Jin-feng1, YU Zhuo2, HE Li-jun2   

  1. 1. College of Ecology and Environmental Science;
    2. College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 010019, China
  • Received:2005-02-03 Revised:2005-05-09 Online:2005-11-15 Published:2005-11-15

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摘要： 对亲本披碱草(Elymus dahuricus)和野大麦(Hordeum brevisubulatum)及其杂种F1和BC1代体细胞染色体数和花粉母细胞(PMC)减数分裂染色体行为进行观察和分析。结果表明:亲本披碱草的染色体数为2n=42,野大麦为2n=28;正、反交杂种F1染色体数均为35;BC1代染色体发生了数目上的差异,变异范围为28~35,并出现很多非整倍性植株;披碱草的PMCMI二价体配对频率很高,野大麦PMCMI出版少量的四价体、三价体和单价体,但以二价体占优势;正反交杂种F1减数分裂不规则,单价体的普遍存在是造成杂交不育的重要原因;BC1代的PMCMI单价体频率较F1代有所下降,二价体频率有所增高,有些株系的环状二价体占绝对优势,这为杂种育性恢复提供了细胞学依据。

关键词: 披碱草, 野大麦, 杂种F1, BC1, 细胞遗传学

Abstract: The chromosome number in the root tip cell and chromosome behavior at meiosis in pollen mother cell were observed and analyzed.The results showed that chromosome numbers of parents E.dahuricus and H.brevisubulatum were 42 and 28 respectively.The chromosome numbers of both E.dahurcus×H.brevisubulatum F1 and H.brevisubulatum×E.dahuricus F1 were 35.The chromosome numbers of BC1 varied,ranging from 28-35,and many no-ploidy plants appeared.The bivalent pairing frequency of E.dahuricus was very high.A few tetravalents,trivalents and univalents appeared in pollen mother cells of H.brevisubulatum at metaphase I,but bivalents were dominant.The meiosis of hybrid F1 was not regular and the general existence of univalents was the main cause of sterility of hybrid F1.The univalent pairing frequency in pollen mother cell of BC1 at metaphase I decreased in some extent,while the bivalent pairing frequency increased,with the bivalents in some lines becoming dominant.All this provided cytological basis for the sterility restoration of the hybrid.

Key words: Elymus dahuricus, Hordeum brevisubulatum, Hybrid F1, BC1, Cytogenetics

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