草地学报

›› 2012, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (5): 876-880.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2012.05.013

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

苜蓿与高羊茅混播牧草生长特点的分析

郭孝1, 李建平1, 胡华锋1, 冯长顺2, 黄安群1, 石志芳1, 肖曙光1   

  1. 1. 郑州牧业工程高等专科学校, 河南 郑州 450011;
    2. 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 河南 郑州 450002
  • 收稿日期:2012-03-22 修回日期:2012-05-21 出版日期:2012-10-15 发布日期:2012-11-01
  • 作者简介:郭孝(1964-),男,内蒙古商都人,博士,教授,主要从事牧草营养与调控的研究,E-mail:hldf2001＠163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家农业科技成果转化资金项目"土-草-饲-畜系统微量元素增效技术中试与示范"(2010GB2D000287)资助

Grasslands Growth Characteristics of Sowing Alfalfa Mixed with Fescue

GUO Xiao1, LI Jian-ping1, HU Hua-feng1, FENG Chang-shun2, HUANG An-qun1, SHI Zhi-fang1, XIAO Shu-guang1   

  1. 1. Zhengzhou College of Animal Husbandry Engineering, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450011, China;
    2. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan Province 450008, China
  • Received:2012-03-22 Revised:2012-05-21 Online:2012-10-15 Published:2012-11-01

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摘要： 在河南省黄河滩区气候和土壤条件下,连续4年对紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)与高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)混播牧草的物侯特点、生物学指标及生长规律进行了分析,并对单播和混播牧草生物量的时空间动态进行定量研究,以便更好地了解该混播牧草的生长与生产特点,为滩区畜牧业生产服务。结果表明:混播牧草在河南适宜秋季播种,翌年3月中旬进入返青期,6月中旬种子成熟。混播牧草地上生物量动态呈现S型曲线变化,生物量增长最快在禾草的抽穗扬花期,生物量最大值在成熟期,其中蜡熟期是牧草利用最佳时期。牧草混播的生产水平高于各自单播的,但混播草地利用多年后,生产水平下降,需要通过土壤作业和加强管理来恢复其生产力。因此,在河南省黄河滩区,通过苜蓿与高羊茅混播建立人工草地是可行而有效的,只要加强后期管理,可以取得比单播更高更稳定的牧草产量。

关键词: 苜蓿, 高羊茅, 混播, 特点

Abstract: Based on soil and climate conditions of Henan yellow river beach,the phenological,biological and production characters of sowing mixed grasslands of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) were investigated. Spatial and temporal dynamics of both above- and under-ground biomass were analyzed in order to improve local animal production. Results showed that sowing mixed grassland should be in middle autumn. Mixed forage plants would turn green in middle March and get mature in middle June of next year. Above-ground biomass of mixed sowing forage had the fastest increasing period during heading and flowering period then reached a peak in ripening period. The dynamic of above-ground biomass appeared "S" dynastic curve model. Wax ripening was an optimal time for mixed sowing forage to harvest considering yield and nutrition requirements. Alfalfa had higher yield than Fescue, however, due to deteriorating soil texture caused by root accumulation after many years growing, the agricultural measures such as soil tillage and field managements had to be used to recover grassland and improve productivities. Therefore, it was feasible and effective to establish artificial grassland of mixed sowing alfalfa and fescue. Mixed sowing alfalfa and fescue had higher and more stable yield under field management than single one.

Key words: Alfalfa, Tall fescue, Mixed sowing, Characteristics

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