草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 760-765.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2019.03.031

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

种植密度对科尔沁沙地饲用燕麦产量和品质的影响

林志玲1, 朱铁霞1, 李天琦1, 赵力兴1, 恩和珠拉1, 高凯1,2, 张志华3   

  1. 1. 内蒙古民族大学, 内蒙古 通辽 028043;
    2. 内蒙古自治区饲用作物工程技术研究中心, 内蒙古 通辽 028043;
    3. 扎鲁特旗研究中心, 内蒙古 通辽 029100
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-31 修回日期:2019-05-19 出版日期:2019-06-15 发布日期:2019-07-19
  • 通讯作者: 高凯
  • 作者简介:林志玲(1996-),女,汉族,硕士研究生,研究方向为草地资源与利用,E-mail:2073254789@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题子课题（优质燕麦干草加工调制关键技术及产品研发研究与示范，2017YFD050213-4）；内蒙古自治区饲用作物工程技术研究中心开放课题（MDK2017005）资助

Responses of Production and Quality of Avena sativa to Planting Density in Horqin Sandy Land

LIN Zhi-ling1, ZHU Tie-xia1, LI Tian-qi1, ZHAO Li-xing1, ENHE Zhu-la1, GAO Kai1,2, ZHANG Zhi-hua3   

  1. 1. Inner Mongolia University for Nations, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028043, China;
    2. Engineering Research Center of Forage Crops of Inner Mongolia Autonomous, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028043, China;
    3. Zalut Banner Research Center, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 029100, China
  • Received:2019-01-31 Revised:2019-05-19 Online:2019-06-15 Published:2019-07-19

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摘要： 通过对不同种植密度条件下燕麦株高、根、茎、叶、穗生物量测定，计算根冠比、茎叶比、根系贡献率、茎秆贡献率、叶片贡献率、穗贡献率等相关指标，探讨种植密度对沙地燕麦株高、生物量和物质分配规律的影响，为科尔沁沙地燕麦合理种植密度的确定提供参考。结果表明：燕麦株高随着种植密度增加呈现逐渐增加的变化趋势，450万株·hm-2条件下株高最高，其值为92.06 cm；地上生物量、地下生物量和总生物量均随密度增加呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势，最高值均出现在350万株·hm-2条件下，分别为2 277.32 g·m-2，578.47 g·m-2，3 022.46 g·m-2；300万株·hm-2条件下根冠比和茎叶比均高于其他密度条件下，其中密度处理之间茎叶比差异不显著，300万株·hm-2条件下根冠比显著高于其它密度处理；叶片贡献率和茎秆贡献率各密度处理之间没有显著差异，300万株·hm-2条件下根系贡献率显著高于400万株·hm-2，根茎叶中可溶性糖、淀粉含量在350万株·hm-2条件下达到最大值，叶片中粗脂肪、粗蛋白含量随密度增加呈逐渐降低的变化趋势，最大值分别为16.02%，5.66%。因此，综合考虑，以饲用为主要目的建议科尔沁沙地燕麦种植密度350万株·hm-2。

关键词: 燕麦, 密度, 产量, 物质分配, 科尔沁沙地

Abstract: The root/shoot ratio,stem/leaf ratio,root contribution rate,stem contribution rate,leaf contribution rate and panicle contribution rate of oat under different planting densities were measured and calculated to explore the effects of planting density on plant height,biomass and material distribution of oat in Horqin sandy land,which provided a reference for the determination of reasonable planting density of oat in Horqin sandy land. The results showed that the plant height of oat increased gradually with the increase of planting density. Under the condition of 4.5 million·hm-2,the plant height was the highest,92.06 cm;above ground biomass,the underground biomass and total biomass increased with the increase of density. The highest values occurred under the condition of 3.5 million·hm-2 strains and were 2 277.32 g·m-2,578.47 g·m-2 and 3 022.46 g·m-2,respectively. The root-to-shoot ratio and stem-leaf ratio of 3 million·hm-2 plants were higher than other density treatments. There was no significant difference in stem-to-leaf ratio between the density treatments,and the root-shoot ratio of 3 million·hm-2 plants was significantly higher than other density treatments. There was no significant difference in leaf contribution rate and culm contribution rate among the density treatments,but the root contribution rate under the condition of 3 million·hm-2 plants was significantly greater. The content of soluble sugar and starch in roots,stems and leaves reached the maximum under the condition of 3.5 million·hm-2,and the content of crude fat and crude protein in leaves decreased gradually with the increase of density. The maximum values were 16.02% and 5.66% respectively. Therefore,it is suggested that the planting density of oat in Horqin Sandy Land should be 3.5 millon·hm-2.

Key words: Avena sativa, Density, Output, Material distribution, Horqin sandy land

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