草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 1195-1203.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2019.05.011

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

产地对燕麦种带真菌的影响

聂秀美, 赵桂琴, 兰晓君, 柴继宽, 刘欢, 金小雯, 吴文斌, 蔺豆豆   

  1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 甘肃省草业工程实验室, 中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心, 甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-04 修回日期:2019-07-29 出版日期:2019-10-15 发布日期:2019-11-09
  • 通讯作者: 赵桂琴
  • 作者简介:聂秀美(1993-),女,甘肃武威人,硕士研究生,研究方向为牧草种质资源品质,E-mail:1535946268@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    行业专项子课题（03025）；国家燕麦荞麦产业体系（CARS-07-C）；农业部牧草种质资源保护项目（2013014）共同资助

Effects of Producing Areas on the Seed Borne Fungi of Oat

NIE Xiu-mei, ZHAO Gui-qin, LAN Xiao-jun, CHAI Ji-kuan, LIU Huan, JIN Xiao-wen, WU Wen-bin, LIN Dou-dou   

  1. College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U. S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
  • Received:2019-06-04 Revised:2019-07-29 Online:2019-10-15 Published:2019-11-09

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摘要： 为明确产地对燕麦（Avena sativa）种带真菌的影响，为生产中燕麦的引种和病害综合防治提供理论依据，本研究通过形态鉴定和分子生物学鉴定对来自甘肃省通渭县华家岭镇和河北省张北县张北镇的相同燕麦品种进行种带真菌的检测和鉴定。结果表明，甘肃华家岭的燕麦种子带菌率为13%~100%，河北张北为7%~90%。从供试燕麦种子中共鉴定出种带真菌13属30种，优势菌为链格孢菌（Alternaria sp.）和青霉菌（Penicillium sp.），其中葱链格孢（Alternaria porri，分离率8.05%）、芦竹节菱孢（Arthrinium arundinis，分离率4.02%）和冻土毛霉（Mucor hiemalis，分离率4.02%）等7种真菌仅在甘肃华家岭的种样中检出；赤曲霉（Aspergillus ruber，分离率11.11%）、链格孢菌（Alternaria slovaca，分离率6.06%）和橘灰青霉（Penicillium aurantiogriseum，分离率3.97%）等7种仅存在于河北张北的种样中。未经表面消毒处理的带菌率为85%~100%，消毒处理后为7%~19%。葱链格孢、赤曲霉和昏暗色串孢（Torula caligans）等12种仅在未消毒种子中检出；而节菱孢菌（Arthrinium rasikravindrae，分离率15.79%）和藜生链格孢（Alternaria chenopodiicola，分离率5.26%）仅在消毒种子中检出。综上，产地对燕麦种子样本的带菌率、带菌种类和分离率影响很大，种子是否经表面消毒，对真菌的检出情况也有显著影响。

关键词: 燕麦, 产地, 种带真菌, 带菌种类

Abstract: In order to clarify the effect of producing areas on the seed borne fungi of oat,and provide a theoretical basis for the introduction of oat seeds for production and the integrated control of oat diseases,morphological identification and molecular biology identification were used in this study to detect and identify the seed borne fungi of two oat cultivars from Huajialing Town,Tongwei County,Gansu Province and Zhangbei Town,Zhangbei County,Hebei Province. The results showed that the infection rate of oat seeds was 13%~100% in Huajialing Town of Gansu Province,and that was 7%~90% in Zhangbei Town of Hebei Province. A total of 30 fungi species of 13 genera were identified from the tested oat seeds,and they were mainly Alternaria sp. and Penicillium sp.,among which 7 fungi species such as Alternaria porri (isolation rate,8.05%),Arthrinium arundinis(isolation rate,4.02%),Mucor hiemalis(isolation rate,4.02%) and other fungus were only found in Gansu's seeds;7 fungi species such as Aspergillus ruber(isolation rate,11.11%),Alternaria slovaca(isolation rate,6.06%),Penicillium aurantiogriseum(isolation rate,3.97%)and others were only isolated in Hebei. The infection rate without surface sterilization was 85%~100%,and after sterile treatment was 7%~19%. Twelve fungi species such as Alternaria porri,Aspergillus ruber and Torula caligans were only detected in non-sterilized seeds,Arthrinium rasikravindrae(isolation rate,15.79%) and Alternaria chenopodiicola(isolation rate,5.26%) were only found in the sterilized seeds. In conclusion,the producing areas had a great impact on the infection rate,fungi species and isolation rate of oat seeds. Whether the seeds were sterilized or not on the surface also had a significant effect on the detection of fungi.

Key words: Oat, Producing areas, Seed borne fungi, Fungi species

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