Effects of Different Levels of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Application on Production Performance and Feeding Value of Alfalfa

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.10.035

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 3904-3912.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.10.035

Effects of Different Levels of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Application on Production Performance and Feeding Value of Alfalfa

KANG Li¹, YANG Zhe-mao¹, SUN Yi-xiong¹, WANG Ming-jiu^1,2, GAO Cui-ping¹, BAI Shu-guang³, LIU Fang³, JIA Hai-feng³, ZHANG Zhi-qiang¹, LI Zhen-yi¹

1. College of Grassland, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Native Grass Breeding, Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and Efficient Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China;
2. National Technology Innovation Center for Prataculture, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010060, China;
3. Inner Mongolia Caodu Forage and Animal Production Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010000, China

Received:2025-12-15 Revised:2026-02-01 Published:2026-10-10

不同水平氮磷施用对紫花苜蓿生产性能和饲用价值的影响

康利¹, 杨嚞懋¹, 孙一雄¹, 王明玖^1,2, 高翠萍¹, 白暑光³, 刘芳³, 贾海凤³, 张志强¹, 栗振义¹

1. 内蒙古农业大学草业学院, 乡土草种育种国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 草地资源教育部重点实验室, 农业农村部饲草栽培、加工与高效利用重点实验室, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010018;
2. 草业国家技术创新中心, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010060;
3. 内蒙古草都草牧业股份有限公司, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010000

通讯作者: 栗振义, E-mail: lizhenyily@163.com
作者简介:康利（1997-），男，蒙古族，内蒙古呼伦贝尔人，硕士研究生，主要从事育种栽培方面研究，E-mail ：849693533@qq.com
基金资助:
2023年国家草业技术创新中心（筹）重大创新平台建设专项（CCPTZX2023B0701）；内蒙古一流学科科研专项项目（IMAUCXQJ2023015）；内蒙古农业大学高层次人才引进科研启动项目（NDYB2022-51）；国家重点研发计划-中国和蒙古政府间联合研究项目（2024YFE0113100）；2025年内蒙古自治区草种创新与草地资源可持续利用重点实验室-优质草种培育及高产抗逆栽培技术研究（2025KYPTO033）；国家林业和草原局北方抗早耐寒草品种育繁工程技术研究中心能力建设项目（BR221029，BR221016）资助

Abstract

Abstract: In order to explore the impacts of efficient utilization of fertilizer on the high yield and high quality of alfalfa， promote the quality and efficiency of forage production. This experiment was set up in the Tumd plain of Inner Mongolia. A two-factor and three-level test method was used to set the nitrogen fertilizer levels of 60 kg·hm^-2 （ N₁ ）， 90 kg·hm^-2 （ N₂ ） and 120 kg·hm^-2 （N₃）， and the phosphorus fertilizer levels of 40 kg·hm^-2 （P₁）， 80 kg·hm^-2 （P₂） and 120 kg·hm^-2 （P₃）. The effects of different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus application on the production performance and hay feeding value of alfalfa were detected. The results showed that the combined application of different nitrogen and phosphorus levels had different degrees of promoting effects on alfalfa yield and forage quality related indicators. Compared with the control （ no fertilization ）， the plant height， stem diameter and hay yield were increased by 2.88 %-28.74 %， 4.74 %-20.16 % and 17.63 %-24.36 %， respectively， and the forage yield was the highest under N₂P₃ treatment. The increase of crude protein and relative feeding value were 4.13 %-8.78 % and 4.51 %-6.12 %， respectively. The comprehensive evaluation of membership function showed that the quality of alfalfa was the best under N₃P₁ （120 kg·hm^-2，40 kg·hm^-2） treatment. The results will provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for high yield and high quality of alfalfa.

Key words: Alfalfa, Nitrogen fertilizer, Phosphate fertilizer, Production, Forage quality

摘要： 为探究肥料高效利用对紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）高产优质的影响，推动饲草生产提质增效，本试验在内蒙古土默特平原，采用2因素3水平试验方法，分别设置60 kg·hm^-2（N₁）、90 kg·hm^-2（N₂）和120 kg·hm^-2（N₃）的氮肥水平，40 kg·hm^-2（P₁）、80 kg·hm^-2（P₂）和120 kg·hm^-2（P₃）的磷肥水平，检测不同水平氮磷施用对紫花苜蓿生产性能和干草饲用价值的影响。结果显示：不同氮、磷水平配施对苜蓿产量及饲用品质相关指标存在不同程度的促进作用，与对照（不施肥）相比，株高、茎粗、干草产量的增幅分别为2.88%~28.74%，4.74%~20.16%，17.63%~24.36%，N₂P₃处理下饲草产量最高；粗蛋白含量及相对饲喂价值的增幅分别为4.13%~8.78%，4.51%~6.12%。隶属函数综合评价表明，N₃P₁（120 kg·hm^-2氮肥，40 kg·hm^-2磷肥）处理下苜蓿品质表现最好，研究结果将为苜蓿高产优质提供理论依据和实践指导。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 氮肥, 磷肥, 产量, 饲用品质

CLC Number:

S541.9

KANG Li, YANG Zhe-mao, SUN Yi-xiong, WANG Ming-jiu, GAO Cui-ping, BAI Shu-guang, LIU Fang, JIA Hai-feng, ZHANG Zhi-qiang, LI Zhen-yi. Effects of Different Levels of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Application on Production Performance and Feeding Value of Alfalfa[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(10): 3904-3912.

康利, 杨嚞懋, 孙一雄, 王明玖, 高翠萍, 白暑光, 刘芳, 贾海凤, 张志强, 栗振义. 不同水平氮磷施用对紫花苜蓿生产性能和饲用价值的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2026, 34(10): 3904-3912.

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Effects of Different Levels of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Application on Production Performance and Feeding Value of Alfalfa

不同水平氮磷施用对紫花苜蓿生产性能和饲用价值的影响

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