体外产气法评价精补料与冷季天然牧草组合发酵营养特性

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2015.04.027

草地学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (4): 850-858.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2015.04.027

体外产气法评价精补料与冷季天然牧草组合发酵营养特性

李积兰¹, 刘书杰², 柴沙驼², 王迅², 崔占鸿², 张晓卫², 牛建章²

1. 青海大学生态环境工程学院, 青海西宁 810016;
2. 青海高原牦牛研究中心青海省高原放牧家畜动物营养与饲料科学重点实验室青海大学畜牧兽医科学院, 青海西宁 810016

收稿日期:2014-11-17 修回日期:2015-01-23 出版日期:2015-08-15 发布日期:2015-08-26
通讯作者: 崔占鸿
作者简介:李积兰(1982-),女,青海西宁人,博士生,讲师,E-mail:lijilan03@126.com
基金资助:
青海省科技支撑计划项目课题“饲草料资源高效转化利用提升技术”(2014-NS-112);国家自然科学基金项目(41461081);公益性行业(农业)科研专项课题“玉树、河南社区草-畜高效转化关键技术(201203008)”资助。

Evaluating Fermentative Nutrition Characteristic of Supplementary Concentrate Combined with Cold-season Native Pastures by Using In Vitro Gas Production Technique

LI Ji-lan¹, LIU Shu-jie², CHAI Sha-tuo², WANG Xun², CUI Zhan-hong², ZHAO Xiao-wei², NIU Jian-zhang²

1. College of Eco-Environment Engineering in Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
2. Qinghai Plateau Yak Research Center, Key Lab.of Plateau Grazing Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Qinghai Province, Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences in Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China

Received:2014-11-17 Revised:2015-01-23 Online:2015-08-15 Published:2015-08-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究采用体外产气法评价了青海高原牦牛精补料分别与高山嵩草-异针茅(Kobresia pygmaea Charke-Stipa aliena Keng)、高山嵩草(Kobresia pygmaea Charke)、紫花针茅(Gramineae)、高山嵩草+杂类(Kobresia pygmaea Charke and others)4种草地型冷季天然牧草均按25:75,50:50,75:25的比例两两组合后的发酵营养特性。结果表明,精补料分别与4种牧草组合均能有效提高牧草发酵的累计产气量、理论最大产气量和产气速率常数,降低产气延滞时间,有利于牧草在瘤胃中的降解利用;同时,两两组合后体外发酵pH值均处于正常变化范围内,体外有机物质消化率及挥发型脂肪酸(乙、丙酸)浓度明显提高,而乙丙酸比降低,此正组合效应随精补料添加水平升高而逐渐增强,即精补料75%比例的组合均为最高,且添加精补料还表现出能减少牧草体外发酵甲烷产生量的潜在趋势。综合研究结果确定了精补料与4种草地型牧草均以75:25的比例组合搭配效果更优,为青海高原三江源玉树地区放牧牦牛冷季营养平衡补饲提供了科学依据。

关键词: 牦牛, 天然牧草, 精补料, 组合发酵, 营养特性, 体外产气法

Abstract:

This study was conducted using In Vitro gas production techniques in order to evaluate fermentative nutrition characteristics of supplementary concentrate mixed with native pastures in Qinghai plateau. The supplementary concentrate combined with Kobresia pygmaea Charke-Stipa aliena Keng, Kobresia pygmaea Charke, Gramineae, Kobresia pygmaea Charke at the ratios of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25, respectively. The results showed that all of four combinations increased accumulative gas production, the maximum theoretical gas production and gas producing velocity, and decreased gas lag time, which were available for rumen degradation and pasture utilization. The pH values of all combinations during fermentation In Vitro were in normal ranges, the digestibility of organic matter and concentration of volatile fatty acids (acetate and propionate) were improved significantly, and the ratios of acetate to propionate were low. With the levels of supplementary concentrate increasing, the positive associate effects enhanced and reached the highest values at the 75% proportion of supplementary concentrate. Therefore, this study suggested that the ratio of 75:25 was the best combination of supplementary concentrate with pasture, which provided scientific basis of nutritional balance supplement for cold-season grazing yaks in the Yushu district of three-river source area of Qinghai province.

Key words: Yak, Native pasture, Supplementary concentrate, Combined fermentation, Nutritional characteristic, In Vitro gas production technique

中图分类号:

S816.15

李积兰, 刘书杰, 柴沙驼, 王迅, 崔占鸿, 张晓卫, 牛建章. 体外产气法评价精补料与冷季天然牧草组合发酵营养特性[J]. 草地学报, 2015, 23(4): 850-858.

LI Ji-lan, LIU Shu-jie, CHAI Sha-tuo, WANG Xun, CUI Zhan-hong, ZHAO Xiao-wei, NIU Jian-zhang. Evaluating Fermentative Nutrition Characteristic of Supplementary Concentrate Combined with Cold-season Native Pastures by Using In Vitro Gas Production Technique[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2015, 23(4): 850-858.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/CN/10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2015.04.027

https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/CN/Y2015/V23/I4/850

参考文献

[1] 青海省草原总站.青海省草地资源统计册[M]. 西宁:青海省草原总站,1988:10-12
[2] 冯宇哲,刘书杰,王万邦,等. 高寒地区放牧牦牛补饲尿素糖蜜营养舔块效果研究[J]. 中国草食动物,2008,28(3):40-42
[3] 郝力壮,吴克选,王万邦,等. 牦牛妊娠后期补饲对其失重和犊牛生长发育的影响[J]. 吉林农业科学,2013,38(4):56-58
[4] 晁文菊. 补饲对围产期牦牛生产性能及其犊牦牛生长发育的影响[D]. 西宁:青海大学,2009:23-26
[5] 谭支良,卢德勋. 提高粗饲料利用效率的系统组合营养技术及其组合效应的研究进展[J]. 饲料博览,1999,11(7):6-10
[6] 张吉鹍. 粗饲料分级指数参数的模型化及粗饲料科学搭配的组合效应[D]. 呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2004:87-101
[7] 周传社,汤少勋,姜海林,等. 农作物秸秆体外发酵营养特性及其组合利用研究[J]. 应用生态学报,2005,16(10):1862-1867
[8] 茹彩霞. 模拟瘤胃条件下苜蓿对粗饲料产气特性和发酵特性的研究[D]. 杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2006:28-36
[9] 段志勇. 反刍动物日粮中淀粉与纤维的组合效应及其机理的研究[D]. 杭州:浙江大学,2006:77-82
[10] 布同良. 体外产气法评定青贮玉米、羊草和苜蓿之间的组合效应[D]. 杭州:浙江大学,2006:13-20
[11] Liu J X, Susenbeth A, Sudekum K H. In Vitro gas production measurements to evaluate interactions between untreated and chemically treated rice straws, grass hay, and mulberry leaves[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 2002,80(2):517-524
[12] 张洁,王洪荣. 用体外产气法评价精粗饲料的组合效应[J]. 家畜生态学报,2007,28(4):30-35
[13] 阳伏林,丁学智,史海山,等. 苜蓿干草和秸秆组合体外发酵营养特性及其利用研究[J]. 草业科学,2008,25(3):61-67
[14] Menke K.H., Steingass H. Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and in vitro gas production using rumen flued[J]. Animal Research and Development,1988,28(1):47-55
[15] Prasad C S,Wood C D,Sampath K T. Use of In Vitro gas production to evaluate rumen fermentation of untreated and urea-treated finger millet straw (Eleusine coracana) supplemented with different levels of concentrate[J]. Journal Science of Food and Agriculture,1994,65(4):457-464
[16] Nsahlai I V, Siaw D E K A, Osuji P O. The relationships between gas production and chemical composition of 23 browses of the Genus sesbania[J]. Journal Science of Food Agriculture,1994,65(1):13-20
[17] 汤少勋,姜海林,周传社,等. 不同品种牧草间组合时体外产气发酵特性研究[J]. 草业学报,2006,15(1):68-75
[18] 崔占鸿,郝力壮,刘书杰,等. 体外产气法评价青海高原燕麦青干草与天然牧草组合效应[J]. 草业学报,2012,21(3):250-257
[18] Hungate R.E. Hydrogen as an intermediate in the rumen fermentation[J]. Archives of Microbiology, 1967,59(1):58-64
[19] 王迅,刘书杰,张晓卫,等. 基于HJ-1A/1B数据的高寒草地牧草营养动态监测模型[J]. 国土资源遥感,2013,25(3):183-188
[20] 谢敖云,刘书杰,韩兴态,等. 不同营养条件对牦牛瘤胃内VFA的影响[J]. 青海畜牧兽医杂志,1992,22(3):5-7

体外产气法评价精补料与冷季天然牧草组合发酵营养特性

Evaluating Fermentative Nutrition Characteristic of Supplementary Concentrate Combined with Cold-season Native Pastures by Using In Vitro Gas Production Technique

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	孙彩彩, 冯斌, 董全民, 刘文亭, 时光, 刘玉祯, 张小芳, 俞旸, 张春平, 杨晓霞. 牦牛藏羊混合放牧对高寒草地紫花针茅功能性状的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(7): 1477-1483.
[2]	路平乐, 魏玉明, 杨发荣, 江小帆, 李倩, 赵生国, 蔡原, 焦婷. 体外产气法评价全株藜麦与全株玉米混合青贮饲料饲用价值[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(11): 2391-2398.
[3]	夏洪泽, 张琳琳, 王银梦, 孙璐, 王磊, 刘书杰, 崔占鸿, 刘明莲. 体外产气法评价不同分级指数玉米青贮—苜蓿干草组合发酵特性[J]. 草地学报, 2020, 28(4): 1136-1144.
[4]	李宇宇, 格根图, 降晓伟, 吴洪新, 刘庭玉, 王伟, 郝俊峰, 贾玉山. 雨淋及草条厚度对天然牧草干草干燥特性和营养品质的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2019, 27(5): 1419-1424.
[5]	贾玉山, 于浩然, 都帅, 王伟, 卢强, 孙林. 天然牧草青贮添加剂研究进展[J]. 草地学报, 2018, 26(3): 533-538.
[6]	肖红, 张德罡, 徐长林, 潘涛涛, 柴锦隆, 李亚娟, 鱼小军. 模拟践踏和降水对高寒草甸阴山扁蓿豆根系特征的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2018, 26(2): 348-355.
[7]	郝力状, 韩小东, 牛建章, 张晓卫, 项洋, 王迅, 柴沙驼, 龙瑞军, 刘书杰. 三江源区河南县天然草场草畜营养平衡关系研究[J]. 草地学报, 2018, 26(2): 520-524.
[8]	刘哲, 王玉琴, 薛树媛, 金海, 李元晓, 王建平, 李发弟, 张盼盼. 近红外漫反射光谱定量分析天然牧草营养成分[J]. 草地学报, 2018, 26(1): 249-255.
[9]	张建文, 杨海磊, 徐长林, 陈陆军, 肖红, 柴锦隆, 潘涛涛, 鱼小军. 牦牛和藏羊夏季划区轮牧对高寒草甸3种植物凋落物分解的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2017, 25(4): 732-742.
[10]	邵新庆, 刘月华, 刘庭玉, 王志学, 位晓婷, 钟梦莹, 武瑞鑫, 潘多. 不同乳酸菌添加剂对天然牧草青贮品质的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2014, 22(6): 1348-1352.
[11]	董全民, 赵新全, 李世雄, 施建军, 王彦龙, 郑伟, 候宪宽, 宋磊. 基于高寒草地放牧系统次级生产力的优化放牧强度研究[J]. 草地学报, 2014, 22(5): 919-923.
[12]	苗彦军, 付娟娟, 孙永芳, 褚希彤, 益西措姆, 呼天明, 许岳飞. 牦牛放牧模式对西藏高山嵩草草甸群落特征的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2014, 22(5): 935-941.
[13]	李茂, 字学娟, 侯冠彧, 周汉林. 体外产气法评价5种热带禾本科牧草营养价值[J]. 草地学报, 2013, 21(5): 1028-1032.
[14]	刁波, 崔占鸿, 赵月平, 张晓卫, 刘书杰. 燕麦青干草与5种天然牧草的组合效应对产气量及发酵产物的影响[J]. , 2013, 21(4): 789-797.
[15]	董全民, 赵新全, 马玉寿, 施建军, 王彦龙, 李世雄, 杨时海, 盛丽. 放牧强度对高寒混播人工草地群落特征及地上现存量的影响[J]. , 2012, 20(1): 10-16.