绿肥影响农田土传病害的研究进展

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.08.001

草地学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 1605-1614.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.08.001

• 专论与进展 • 下一篇

绿肥影响农田土传病害的研究进展

魏勇¹, 高嵩涓², 曹卫东³, 段廷玉¹

1. 兰州大学草地农业科技学院/兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室/农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730020;
2. 南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 江苏南京 210095;
3. 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/农业部植物营养与肥料重点实验室, 北京 100081

收稿日期:2021-03-01 修回日期:2021-04-15 出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2021-09-06
通讯作者: 段廷玉,E-mail:duanty@lzu.edu.cn
作者简介:魏勇(1994-),男,汉族,甘肃天水人,硕士研究生,主要从事绿肥病害防控研究,E-mail:ywei2015@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家绿肥产业技术体系（CARS-22）资助

Research Progress on the Influence of Green Manures on Soil-borne Diseases in Farmlands

WEI Yong¹, GAO Song-juan², CAO Wei-dong³, DUAN Ting-yu¹

1. College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology/State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730020, China;
2. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China;
3. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2021-03-01 Revised:2021-04-15 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2021-09-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土传病害是制约我国农业可持续发展的因素之一。绿肥作为高效清洁的有机肥源，与主作物合理搭配，可有效降低主作物土传病害的发生和危害，是减少化学药剂使用的重要措施。因此，综述绿肥对土传病害的防控效果与机制，对于绿肥推广应用和土传病害绿色防控具有重要意义。绿肥影响作物土传病害的研究主要集中于土传真菌病害和线虫病害，且大多数研究表明，绿肥可通过增强主作物整体抗病水平，对病原菌的化感抑制作用和改善土壤理化性质，增加土壤微生物中拮抗菌多样性和丰富度等，显著降低主作物土传病害发病率和严重程度。然而，绿肥影响主作物病害的作用机制研究不够深入，绿肥-主作物搭配模式和绿肥调控主作物病害的社会经济学效益仍需探究。同时，加强绿肥-主作物病害一体化防控及绿肥与根际促生菌、生防菌等其他有机改良剂或与适当的化学防控措施之间协同作用的研究，是未来需要加强的研究方向。

关键词: 绿肥, 土传病害, 真菌, 线虫, 生物熏蒸

Abstract: Soil-borne diseases are the important factor restricting the sustainable development of agriculture in China. As a clean source of organic fertilizer, green manure can be reasonably matched with crops to control or reduce the occurrence of soil-borne diseases. It is a potential measure to replace chemicals to control soil-borne diseases. Therefore, summarizing the effects and mechanisms of green manure on control of soil-borne diseases is of great significance for the popularization and application of green manure and the green control of soil-borne diseases. The studies of green manure on soil-borne diseases were mainly focus on soil-borne fungal diseases and nematode diseases. Green manure could significantly reduce the incidence and severity of soil-borne diseases by improving the overall disease resistance level of crops and promoting crops growth. The secondary metabolites of green manure could reduce the survival and infection of pathogen through allelopathic inhibitory effect. At the same time, green manure could also change the physical and chemical properties of soil, increase the diversity and richness of antagonistic microbe in soil microorganisms, and indirectly inhibit the occurrence of diseases. The limitations of green manure for disease prevention and control are that the researches on the mechanism of green manure regulating main crop diseases are not deep enough, the green manure-main crop collocation model and the socioeconomic benefits of green manure regulating main crop diseases still need to be explored. In the future, the integration of green manure and main crop diseases should be strengthened. The researches on preventing and controlling of soil-borne diseases using combinative application of green manure and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria, biocontrol bacteria and other organic modifiers, in combination with appropriate chemical control measures could be carried out.

Key words: Green manure, Soil-borne disease, Fungus, Nematode, Biofumigation

中图分类号:

S142

魏勇, 高嵩涓, 曹卫东, 段廷玉. 绿肥影响农田土传病害的研究进展[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(8): 1605-1614.

WEI Yong, GAO Song-juan, CAO Wei-dong, DUAN Ting-yu. Research Progress on the Influence of Green Manures on Soil-borne Diseases in Farmlands[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2021, 29(8): 1605-1614.

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绿肥影响农田土传病害的研究进展

Research Progress on the Influence of Green Manures on Soil-borne Diseases in Farmlands

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