短期增温及氮沉降对青藏高原高寒草甸土壤呼吸的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.05.011

草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 1445-1457.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.05.011

短期增温及氮沉降对青藏高原高寒草甸土壤呼吸的影响

向雪梅, 德科加, 林伟山, 冯廷旭, 李菲, 魏希杰

青海大学畜牧兽医科学院, 青海西宁 810016

收稿日期:2024-08-15 修回日期:2024-09-18 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-20
通讯作者: 德科加,E-mail:dekejia1002@163.com
作者简介:向雪梅（1996-），女，汉族，青海湟源人，博士研究生，主要从事草地适应性管理的研究，E-mail：xiangxuemei09@163.com
基金资助:
青海省科技厅重点研发与转化计划项目（2024-NK-137）；称多县一年生饲草种子繁殖与青贮加工贮藏技术研究与示范（2024-NK-P28）；三江源生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站资助

Effects of Short-Term Warming and Nitrogen Deposition on Soil Respiration Rate in the Alpine Meadow of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

XIANG Xue-mei, DE Ke-Jia, LIN Wei-shan, FENG Ting-xu, LI Fei, WEI Xi-jie

School of Animal Science and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China

Received:2024-08-15 Revised:2024-09-18 Online:2025-05-15 Published:2025-05-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 气候变暖及氮沉降会改变草原生态系统与大气之间的碳交换。然而，尚不清楚青藏高原高寒草甸土壤呼吸速率及其组分对增温及氮沉降的响应。因此，本研究在青藏高原高寒草甸进行了不同水平的增温[W₀（不增温）、W₁（空气温度增加0.47℃，土壤温度增加0.61℃）、W₂（空气温度增加0.92℃，土壤温度增加1.09℃）、W₃（空气温度增加1.44℃，土壤温度增加1.95℃）]及氮沉降[（N₀（0 kg·ha^-1·a^-1）、N₁₆（16 kg·ha^-1·a^-1）、N₃₂（32 kg·ha^-1·a^-1）]试验，明确增温及氮沉降下生物因子及非生物因子对土壤呼吸及其组分的影响。结果表明：与W₀相比，土壤呼吸及其组分均在W₃处理下显著增加；短期增温及氮沉降下土壤温度、土壤氮磷比是影响土壤呼吸及土壤异养呼吸的关键因子；土壤自养呼吸会受到土壤铵态氮含量、土壤温度、土壤硝态氮含量及植物香农-威纳指数的影响。综上所述，增温和氮沉降会改变土壤理化性质和植物群落特征，进而影响高寒草甸生态系统的土壤呼吸速率及其组分。

关键词: 氮沉降, 增温, 土壤呼吸速率, 土壤异养呼吸, 土壤自养呼吸, 生物因子, 非生物因子

Abstract: Global climate warming and nitrogen deposition will change the carbon exchange between grassland ecosystem and atmosphere. However， the response of soil respiration rate and its components to warming and nitrogen deposition in alpine meadows on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is unclear. Therefore， this study conducted different levels of warming [W₀ （did not increase temperature ）， W₁（ air temperature increased by 0.47℃， soil temperature increased by 0.61℃）， W₂ （ air temperature increased by 0.92℃， soil temperature increased by 1.09℃）， W₃ （air temperature increased by 1.44℃， soil temperature increased by 1.95℃] and nitrogen deposition [N₀（0 kg·ha^-1·a^-1）， N₁₆ （16 kg·ha^-1·a^-1）， N₃₂ （32 kg·ha^-1·a^-1）] experiments in the alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The effects of biotic and abiotic factors on soil respiration and its components under warming and nitrogen deposition were clarified. The results showed that compared with W₀， soil respiration and its components increased significantly under W₃ treatment. Soil temperature and soil N/P ratio under short-term warming and nitrogen deposition were the key factors affecting soil respiration and soil heterotrophic respiration. Soil autotrophic respiration is affected by soil ammonium nitrogen， soil temperature， soil nitrate nitrogen and plant Shannon-Wiener index. Combined with the above results， warming and nitrogen deposition will change soil physical and chemical properties and plant community characteristics， and then affect the soil respiration rate and its components of alpine meadow ecosystem.

Key words: Nitrogen deposition, Warming, Soil respiration rate, Soil heterotrophic respiration, Soil autotrophic respiration, Biological factors, Abiotic factors

中图分类号:

S812.2

向雪梅, 德科加, 林伟山, 冯廷旭, 李菲, 魏希杰. 短期增温及氮沉降对青藏高原高寒草甸土壤呼吸的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2025, 33(5): 1445-1457.

XIANG Xue-mei, DE Ke-Jia, LIN Wei-shan, FENG Ting-xu, LI Fei, WEI Xi-jie. Effects of Short-Term Warming and Nitrogen Deposition on Soil Respiration Rate in the Alpine Meadow of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2025, 33(5): 1445-1457.

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短期增温及氮沉降对青藏高原高寒草甸土壤呼吸的影响

Effects of Short-Term Warming and Nitrogen Deposition on Soil Respiration Rate in the Alpine Meadow of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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