多叶苜蓿光合特性及复叶超微结构的研究

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2015.02.001

草地学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 223-230.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2015.02.001

• 前沿研究 • 下一篇

多叶苜蓿光合特性及复叶超微结构的研究

武自念¹, 魏臻武², 侯向阳¹, 于林清¹, 任卫波¹, 穆怀彬¹, 李伟民², 朱平华², 王珍¹, 万东莉¹

1. 中国农业科学院草原研究所, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010010;
2. 扬州大学动物科学与技术学院扬州大学草业科学研究所, 江苏扬州 225009

收稿日期:2014-04-01 修回日期:2014-06-10 出版日期:2015-04-15 发布日期:2015-03-25
通讯作者: 魏臻武
作者简介:武自念(1985-),男,甘肃会宁人,博士,助理研究员,研究方向为牧草种质资源评价与利用,E-mail:wuzinian@aliyun.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(30972136)(31201846);江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2012340);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2014CB138806);中央公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国农业科学院草原研究所)(1610332014007)(1610332014031)(1610332014017);国家科技支撑计划项目课题(2012BAD13B07)资助

Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Compound Leaf Ultrastructure of Mutlifoliate Alfalfa

WU Zi-nian¹, WEI Zhen-wu², HOU Xiang-yang¹, YU Lin-qing¹, REN Wei-bo¹, MU Huai-bin¹, LI Wei-min², ZHU Ping-hua², WANG Zhen¹, WAN Dong-li¹

1. Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China;
2. College of Animal Science & Technology; Institute of Forage and Grassland Science, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225009, China

Received:2014-04-01 Revised:2014-06-10 Online:2015-04-15 Published:2015-03-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以多叶苜蓿、普通三叶型苜蓿(Medicago sativa)为研究对象,利用LI-6400 便携式光合作用测定仪和透射电镜考察2类苜蓿叶片光合参数及叶绿体超微结构,比较分析苜蓿不同复叶类型的光合特性差异,探讨多叶型苜蓿的光合特性和在育种实践上的应用提供理论依据.结果表明:多叶型苜蓿的净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)、蒸腾速率(T_r)平均高于三叶型苜蓿,而气孔限制值(L_s)和叶片瞬时水分利用效率(WUE)平均低于三叶型苜蓿,多叶苜蓿的P_n 平均在25.79 μ mol·m^-2·s^-1左右,光合效率显著大于普通三叶型苜蓿.不同复叶叶型的苜蓿净光合效率的排列顺序是5叶型 >4叶型 >3叶型 >6叶型 >7叶型 >8叶型 >9叶型.5叶型复叶叶肉中每细胞的叶绿体数目最多,叶绿体中基粒多,基质浓厚,基粒片层堆积致密,嗜锇体数目较少、体积小,每叶绿体中的淀粉粒数目多而饱满.以5为基数叶片数目再增加时,叶绿体个数减少,基粒数目减少、基粒片层结构排列松散,嗜锇体的数目增加、体积变大,淀粉粒数目减小,体积变小.多叶苜蓿的光合效率显著大于普通三叶型苜蓿,多叶型复叶小叶数为5时,净光合效率最大.

关键词: 多叶苜蓿, 普通三叶型苜蓿, 光合特性, 叶绿体超微结构

Abstract:

In this paper, both leaf photosynthetic parameters and chloroplast ultrastructure were measured for two types of alfalfa (ordinary alfalfa(Medicago sativa) and multifoliate alfalfa) using li-6400 portable photosynthesis system and transmission electron microscopy in order to provide the theory basis for discussing the photosynthetic characteristics of multifoliate alfalfa and the application of breeding practice in ordinary alfalfa and multifoliate alfalfa. The values of P_n, G_s, C_i, T_r were higher in Multifoliate alfalfa than in ordinary alfalfa, whereas the values of L_s and WUE were lower in Multifoliate Alfalfa than in ordinary alfalfa. The average value of Multifoliate alfalfa was 25.79 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, and the Photosynthetic efficiency was higher in Multifoliate Alfalfa than in ordinary alfalfa. The net photosynthetic efficiencies of different dicotyledon types were ordered as 5 leaflets > 4 leaflets >3 leaflets> 6 leaflets>7 leaflets> 8 leaflets> 9 leaflets. These results of transmission electron microscope indicated that the mesophyll of 5 leaflets had the most number of chloroplast in each cell and the most number of granulum basale in chloroplast, large starch grain, and thick grana lamella accumulation. But both number and size of osmiophilic body were small. At the base of 5 leaflets, the numbers of chloroplast and grana decreased, he number and volume of starch granule decreased when the number of leaflets increased. Photosynthetic efficiency of multifoliate alfalfa was significantly larger than the ordinary alfalfa; the 5 leaflets had the maximum net photosynthetic efficiency.

Key words: Mutlifoliate alfalfa, Ordinary alfalfa, Photosynthetic Characteristics, Chloroplast ultrastructure

中图分类号:

Q945.11

武自念, 魏臻武, 侯向阳, 于林清, 任卫波, 穆怀彬, 李伟民, 朱平华, 王珍, 万东莉. 多叶苜蓿光合特性及复叶超微结构的研究[J]. 草地学报, 2015, 23(2): 223-230.

WU Zi-nian, WEI Zhen-wu, HOU Xiang-yang, YU Lin-qing, REN Wei-bo, MU Huai-bin, LI Wei-min, ZHU Ping-hua, WANG Zhen, WAN Dong-li. Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Compound Leaf Ultrastructure of Mutlifoliate Alfalfa[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2015, 23(2): 223-230.

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多叶苜蓿光合特性及复叶超微结构的研究

Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Compound Leaf Ultrastructure of Mutlifoliate Alfalfa

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