草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (1): 80-87.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.01.009

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同磷素水平对紫花苜蓿磷累积动态和种子产量构成因子的影响

郑敏娜, 梁秀芝, 韩志顺, 康佳惠, 陈燕妮   

  1. 山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所, 山西 大同 037008
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-28 修回日期:2019-10-08 出版日期:2020-02-15 发布日期:2020-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 梁秀芝
  • 作者简介:郑敏娜(1983-),女,甘肃通渭人,副研究员,研究方向为牧草育种及栽培学,Email:zhengminna@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    大同市科技攻关项目（2017080）；山西省重点研发计划项目（201703D221012-5）；山西省重点研发计划项目（201703D211002-9）；山西省农业科学院特色农业技术攻关项目（YGG17005）；山西农科院育种工程项目（17yzgc080）共同资助

Effects of Phosphorus Application Levels on Phosphorus Accumulation and Seed Yield Factors of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

ZHENG Min-na, LIANG Xiu-zhi, HAN Zhi-shun, KANG Jia-hui, CHEN Yan-ni   

  1. High Latitude Crops Institute, Shanxi Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Datong, Shanxi Province 037008, China
  • Received:2019-09-28 Revised:2019-10-08 Online:2020-02-15 Published:2020-01-18

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摘要： 为研究晋北轻度盐碱地区紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）种子生产过程中磷素（Phosphorus，P）吸收规律，并探索适宜的施磷水平，本试验以苜蓿品种‘巨能2号’、‘3010’和‘WL366HQ’为材料，进行不同磷素水平（100，160，220，280 kg·hm-2）对不同生长时期的苜蓿干物质累积、磷素累积量、繁殖器官磷素累积及收获指数的动态变化以及对种子产量构成因子的相关研究。结果表明：3个苜蓿品种的干物质累积量、磷素累积量、磷素分配率、磷素收获指数的动态变化规律不一致，‘巨能2号’在盛花期的P100处理下（即施磷量为100 kg·hm-2），植株和繁殖器官的磷素累积量最大，而在P220处理下（即施磷量为220 kg·hm-2）表现出最高的磷素收获指数；‘3010’和‘WL366HQ’均在结荚期的P160处理下（即施磷量为160 kg·hm-2）植株和繁殖器官的磷素累积量和磷素收获指数最大。综合分析认为，适宜施磷量可有效提高种子荚果数、结荚率和种子产量，在晋北地区较合理的施肥时期和适量为：‘巨能2号’宜在返青期施磷肥220 kg·hm-2；‘3010’和‘WL366HQ’宜在返青期施磷肥160 kg·hm-2。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 磷素, 磷素累积变化, 种子产量

Abstract: In order to study the phosphorus (P) absorption rules in the seed production of alfalfa (Medicago Sativa) and explore the appropriate measures of phosphorus application in the mild saline area in north Shanxi province,we carried out different phosphorus levels experiments. Three alfalfa cultivars,‘Magnum Ⅱ’,‘3010’ and ‘WL366HQ’ were selected to determine seed quality,P harvest index and the dynamics of P accumulation and distribution in alfalfa plants. The results showed that dry matter accumulation amount,P accumulation amount,distribution of phosphorus removal rate,dynamic change law of P harvest index among three alfalfa varieties were different. ‘Magnum Ⅱ’ showed the largest P accumulation in plant and reproductive organs under P100 treatment (100 kg·hm-2 phosphoric fertilizer application rate),but the highest P harvest index occurred under the P220 treatment. Both ‘3010’ and ‘WL366HQ’ alfalfa had the highest P accumulation in plants and reproductive organs at the pod bearing stage and the highest P harvest index under P160 treatment (160 kg·hm-2). It indicated that the increase of suitable phosphorus application could effectively improve seed pod number,pod bearing rate and seed yield and the more reasonable fertilization period and appropriate amount in this region were:P 220 kg·hm-2 for alfalfa ‘Magnum Ⅱ’ in the green period;P 160 kg·hm-2 for ‘3010’ and ‘WL366HQ’ alfalfa during green period.

Key words: Alfalfa, Phosphorus, Phosphorus accumulation change, Seed production

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