草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 1972-1981.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.06.028

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    

喷施缩节胺对紫花苜蓿叶片细胞、农艺性状及种子产量形成的影响

王鑫尧, 刘沂欣, 隋晓青, 郎梦卿, 靳连武   

  1. 新疆农业大学草业学院/西部干旱荒漠区草地资源与生态教育部重点实验室/新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-08 修回日期:2024-11-30 发布日期:2025-06-13
  • 通讯作者: 隋晓青,E-mail:sxq303@xjau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王鑫尧（1999-），男，汉族，吉林通化人，硕士研究生，主要从事牧草栽培与种子生产研究，E-mail：w17743055371@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    第三次新疆综合科学考察项目（2022xjkk0401）；农业生物育种重大项目（2022ZD0401104）资助

Effects of Spray Mepiquat-Chloride on Leaf Cells， Agronomic Traits and Seed Yield Formation in Alfalfa

WANG Xin-yao, LIU Yi-xin, SUI Xiao-qing, LANG Meng-qing, JIN Lian-wu   

  1. College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China
  • Received:2024-10-08 Revised:2024-11-30 Published:2025-06-13

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摘要： 为揭示缩节胺（1，1-dimethyl-piperidinium chloride，DCP）对紫花苜蓿叶片细胞水平上的响应、光合特性、同化物及种子产量构成因子的影响，本试验选取‘新牧4号’紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.‘XinMu No.4’）为材料，于分枝期每隔7 d喷施缩节胺，共处理2次，喷施浓度设置为0.25，0.35和0.45 g·L-1，以喷施清水作为对照（CK）。本试验通过观察紫花苜蓿叶片细胞及其细胞器的变化，并测定光合指标、碳氮代谢产物及农艺性状，结果表明：在使用0.35 g·L-1浓度的缩节胺喷施1次时，细胞结构完整；叶片细胞器结构发育合理，紫花苜蓿的光合作用能力强，其中净光合速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度、叶片蒸腾速率、叶绿素含量分别为16.86 μmol·m-2·s-1，262.67 μmol·m-2·s-1，643.67 μmol·m-2·s-1，12.1 μmol·mol-1，74.13 SPAD；淀粉含量为445.46 mg·g-1、蔗糖含量为3.02 mg·g-1、可溶性蛋白含量为1.89 mg·mL-1；种子产量为741.21 kg·hm-2，隶属函数D值为11.862 79，在8个D值中最高，综上所述，喷施1次0.35 g·L-1的缩节胺对紫花苜蓿效果最佳。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 缩节胺, 光合特性, 细胞超微结构, 种子产量

Abstract: To reveal the effects of mepiquat chloride on the response at cellular level， photosynthetic characteristics， assimilates of alfafla leaves and seed yield， alfalfa ‘XinMu No.4’ （Medicago sativa L. ‘XinMu No.4’） was selected as the material， and the mepiquat chloride was sprayed twice every 7 d during the branch period. The spray concentration was set to 0.25，0.35 and 0.45 g·L-1， with sprayed water as the control （CK）. In the experiment， by observing the changes in alfalfa leaf cells and their organelles， and the photosynthetic indexes， carbon and nitrogen metabolites， and agronomic traits were determined. The results showed that with a concentration of 0.35 g·L-1， complete cellular structure， reasonable development of leaf organelle structure， the photosynthesis ability of alfalfa， the net photosynthetic rate， intercellular CO2 concentration， stomatal conductance， leaf transpiration rate， and chlorophyll content were 16.86 μmol·m-2·s-1，262.67 μmol·m-2·s-1， 643.67 μmol·m-2·s-1， 12.1 μmol·mol-1， 74.13 SPAD， respectively. Starch content was 445.46 mg·g-1， sucrose content was 3.02 mg·g-1， and soluble protein content was 1.89 mg·mL-1. The seed yield was 741.21 kg·hm-2.The membership function D value was 11.862 79. it is the highest of in the eight D values. In summary， once of praying 0.35 g·L-1 mepiquat chlorides has the best effect on alfalfa.

Key words: Alfalfa, Flumetralin, Photosynthetic properties, Cellular ultrastructure, Seed yield

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