草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 3077-3087.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.09.031

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同添加剂及混合比例对全株玉米与饲用小黑麦混合青贮品质的影响

王伟, 奇明嘎, 王志军, 赵牧其尔, 格根图   

  1. 内蒙古农业大学草业学院/农业农村部饲草栽培、加工与高效利用重点实验室/草地资源教育部重点实验室, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010011
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-27 修回日期:2025-03-27 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 格根图,E-mail:gegentu@163.com
  • 作者简介:王伟(1999-),男,汉族,安徽滁州人,硕士研究生,主要从事饲草加工与利用方向研究,E-mail:2737217721@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助

Effects of Different Additives and Mixing Ratios on the Quality of Mixed Silage of Whole-Plant Corn with Forage Triticale

WANG Wei, Qi Ming-ga, WANG Zhi-jun, ZHAO Mu-qier, GE Gen-tu   

  1. College of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation and the Processing and Highly Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010011, China
  • Received:2025-01-27 Revised:2025-03-27 Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-09-22

摘要: 为了探究不同混合比例及添加剂对全株玉米(Zea mays)与饲用小黑麦(Triticosecale Wittmack)混合青贮品质的影响。本试验将全株玉米和饲用小黑麦按鲜重比10∶0(T1)、8∶2(T2)、5∶5(T3)、2∶8(T4)和0∶10(T5)并分别添加蒸馏水(CK)、糖蜜(TM)、植物乳杆菌(LP)和布氏乳杆菌(LB)进行混合青贮。室温发酵 40天后,测定其营养品质和发酵品质。结果表明:混合青贮较单一青贮显著改善青贮品质(P<0.05),粗蛋白质、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量随小黑麦比例增加显著升高(P<0.05),相较于CK组,TM组可溶性碳水化合物含量显著升高且酸性洗涤纤维显著降低(P<0.05);乙酸、丙酸含量和pH值随小黑麦比例增加显著升高(P<0.05),与CK组相比,LB组乙酸含量显著提高而丙酸显著降低(P<0.05),TM组pH值显著降低且乳酸含量显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,混合比例为8∶2并添加糖蜜可显著提升青贮品质。

关键词: 饲用小黑麦, 全株玉米, 混合青贮, 糖蜜, 植物乳杆菌, 布氏乳杆菌

Abstract: To investigate the effects of mixing ratios and additives on the quality of mixed silage of whole-plant corn (Zea mays) and forage triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack), this study prepared silage with fresh weight ratios of 10∶0 (T1),8∶2 (T2),5∶5 (T3),2∶8 (T4), and 0∶10 (T5), supplemented with distilled water(CK), molasses(TM), Lactobacillus plantarum (LP),or Lactobacillus buchneri (LB). After 40 days of fermentation at room temperature, nutritional and fermentation qualities were analyzed. Results showed that mixed silage significantly improved quality compared to single-crop silage (P<0.05). Crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) increased significantly with higher triticale proportions (P<0.05). The TM group exhibited higher water-soluble carbohydrates and lower ADF than CK (P<0.05). Acetic acid, propionic acid, and pH increased with increasing triticale ratios (P<0.05). Compared to CK, LB increased acetic acid but reduced propionic acid (P<0.05), while TM lowered pH and elevated lactic acid (P<0.05). In conclusion, the 8∶2 ratio combined with molasses significantly enhanced silage quality.

Key words: Forage triticale, Whole-plant corn, Mixed silage, Molasses, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus buchneri

中图分类号: