藏北高寒草原土壤酶活性对氮添加的响应及其影响因素

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.03.017

草地学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 555-562.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.03.017

藏北高寒草原土壤酶活性对氮添加的响应及其影响因素

吴建波, 王小丹

中国科学院申扎高寒草原与湿地生态系统观测试验站;山地表生过程与生态调控重点实验室, 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所, 四川成都 610041

收稿日期:2020-09-21 修回日期:2020-10-31 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-04-02
通讯作者: 王小丹
作者简介:吴建波(1979-),男,河北邢台人,博士,主要从事高寒草地生态研究,E-mail:wujianbo@imde.ac.cn
基金资助:
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究（SQ2019QZKK2004）；国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0502002）；国家自然科学基金项目（41401072）资助

Responses of Soil Enzyme Activities to Nitrogen Addition and Its Impact Factors at the Alpine Steppe of Northern Tibet

WU Jian-bo, WANG Xiao-dan

Xianzha Alpine Steppe and Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station, Key Laboratory of Mountain Environment Evolution and Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazard and Environment CAS, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China

Received:2020-09-21 Revised:2020-10-31 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-04-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为阐明藏北高寒草原土壤酶活性对氮沉降响应规律，本研究于2013年开展模拟氮沉降试验(氮添加水平：0，2，5和10 g·m^-2·yr^-1)，采用样方法对植物取样，双对角线法对土壤取样，分析土壤酶活性在氮添加5年后的变异特征及影响土壤酶活性的主要环境要素。结果表明：蔗糖酶、纤维素酶、多酚氧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性在氮添加后显著降低(P<0.01)，而脲酶和中性磷酸酶活性在氮添加后显著增加(P<0.01)。通过相关性分析和冗余分析表明：氮添加未显著影响土壤pH，土壤pH对土壤酶不存在显著影响。氮添加增加土壤活性氮含量，提高凋落物量和地下生物量，降低根系木质素含量；氮添加增加土壤中易分解的碳氮资源，降低碳相关水解酶和氧化酶活性，提高脲酶活性；氮添加提高了植物对磷的需求，增强磷酸酶活性。因此，氮添加引起植物特征的变化是影响土壤酶活性的主要因素。

关键词: 氮沉降, 土壤酶, 植物特征, 微生物特征, 土壤特征

Abstract: To clarify the activities of various soil enzymes responding to the nitrogen deposition,we established a field experiment by adding ammonium nitrate to stimulate nitrogen deposition at alpine steppe in 2013. Four nitrogen fertilizer treatments (0,2,5,and 10 g·m^-2·yr^-1) were applied at 24 plots. We collected plant samples by the quadrat sampling method and soil samples by the double diaonal line in 2017. We analyzed the soil enzyme activity at four levels after 5 years of nitrogen addition. The results showed that the activity of invertase,cellulose,polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase significantly decreased due to nitrogen addition (P < 0.01). The activity of urease and neutral phosphatase was significantly increased by nitrogen addition (P < 0.01). Results from Pearson analysis and redundancy analysis showed that soil pH was not affected by nitrogen addition,which did not influence soil enzyme. Nitrogen increased the content of soil nitric nitrogen and ammoniacal nitrogen. The aboveground litter and underground biomass were also increased and root lignin content was decreased due to nitrogen addition. Soil microorganisms prefer low molecular weight organic nitrogen and carbon compounds,which would depress the carbon hydrolase and oxidase,and activate the urase. Nitrogen addition activated plants and increased the absorption of phosphorus,which would improve the activity of phosphatase. Therefore,the changes in the plant property under nitrogen addition were the most important factors for the soil enzyme at alpine steppe.

Key words: Nitrogen deposition, Soil enzyme activity, Plant property, Microbial property, Soil property

中图分类号:

S154.1

吴建波, 王小丹. 藏北高寒草原土壤酶活性对氮添加的响应及其影响因素[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(3): 555-562.

WU Jian-bo, WANG Xiao-dan. Responses of Soil Enzyme Activities to Nitrogen Addition and Its Impact Factors at the Alpine Steppe of Northern Tibet[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2021, 29(3): 555-562.

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藏北高寒草原土壤酶活性对氮添加的响应及其影响因素

Responses of Soil Enzyme Activities to Nitrogen Addition and Its Impact Factors at the Alpine Steppe of Northern Tibet

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