草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 1421-1426.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.05.026

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

施氮量和留茬高度对高丹草青贮发酵品质及饲用价值的影响

白春生1, 佟明昊1, 赵萌萌1, 孙娟娟2, 薛艳林3, 玉柱4   

  1. 1. 沈阳农业大学园艺学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110866;
    2. 中国农业科学院草原研究所, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010;
    3. 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031;
    4. 中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-25 修回日期:2020-05-14 发布日期:2020-09-19
  • 通讯作者: 薛艳林
  • 作者简介:白春生(1982-),男,辽宁北镇人,博士,主要从事饲草加工研究,E-mail:bcs9@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目子课题（2017YFD0502106-3）；国家自然科学基金（31872422）；国家牧草产业技术体系（CARS-35）资助

The Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization and Cutting Height on Silage Fermentation Quality and Forage Value of Sorghum bicolor×S. sudanense

BAI Chun-sheng1, TONG Ming-hao1, ZHAO Meng-meng1, SUN Juan-juan2, XUE Yan-lin3, YU Zhu4   

  1. 1. College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China;
    2. Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China;
    3. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Science, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010031, China;
    4. College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2020-04-25 Revised:2020-05-14 Published:2020-09-19

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摘要： 本试验以健宝（Jumbo）高丹草（Sorghum bicolor×S.sudanense）为原料，采用双因素试验设计，分别设计施氮量为150，300和450 kg·hm-2，留茬高度为15 cm和60 cm，调制高丹草青贮饲料，探讨施氮量和留茬高度对高丹草青贮饲料发酵品质及饲用价值的影响。结果表明：所有高丹草处理均获得了“良好”以上的发酵品质，但增加施氮量和留茬高度可引起发酵品质下降；增加施氮量可提高青贮饲料的营养价值，以300 kg·hm-2为宜，留茬高度从15 cm增加至60 cm，可提高粗饲料分级指数，改善高丹草青贮饲料的营养价值；施氮量增加到300 kg·hm-2以上时，导致了高丹草原料中硝态氮含量大幅升高，青贮后硝态氮含量有所降低，留茬高度增至60 cm可有效降低硝态氮含量，青贮饲料的硝态氮含量可降到安全限量（1 000 mg·kg-1）以下。

关键词: 高丹草, 施氮量, 留茬高度, 青贮品质, 硝态氮

Abstract: The experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilization and cutting height on silage quality and forage value of Sorghum bicolor×S. sudanense. A total of 6 treatments of Sorghum bicolor×S. sudanense,with three nitrogen fertilization levels (150,300,450 kg·hm-2) and two cutting height levels (15,60 cm),were used to prepare silage.The results showed that silage in all of six groups appeared more than "good" fermentation quality. But the increasing of nitrogen fertilization levels and cutting height could cause the decline of fermentation quality. The nutritive value of silage could be improved by increasing nitrogen fertilization levels,and the optimum nitrogen fertilization level was 300 kg·hm-2. When cutting height rising from 15 cm to 60 cm,GI2001 appeared to increase and the nutrient value of silage also showed significant improvement. When the nitrogen fertilization level increased to more than 300 kg·hm-2,the nitrate nitrogen content of Sorghum bicolor×S. sudanense increased greatly,and the nitrate nitrogen content of silage also decreased. When cutting height increased to 60 cm,the nitrate nitrogen content of Sorghum bicolor×S. sudanense decreased efficiently,and the nitrate nitrogen content in silage was reduced below the safe limit (1 000 mg·kg-1).

Key words: Sorghum bicolor×S. sudanense, Nitrogen fertilization levels, Cutting height, Silage quality, Nitrate nitrogen

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