草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 637-645.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2024.02.033

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

播种期及收获期对饲用小黑麦生产性能和营养品质的影响

王毓1, 李奇铮1, 马小东4, 王斌1, 王腾飞1, 兰剑1,2, 张宇3   

  1. 1. 宁夏大学林业与草业学院, 宁夏 银川 750021;
    2. 宁夏草牧业工程研究中心, 宁夏 银川 750021;
    3. 宁夏回族自治区畜牧工作站, 宁夏 银川 750021;
    4. 中宁县农业农村局, 宁夏 中卫 755000
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-03 修回日期:2023-08-29 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-03-06
  • 通讯作者: 兰剑,E-mail:ndlanjian@163.com;张宇,E-mail:42840490@qq.com
  • 作者简介:王毓(1998-),男,汉族,宁夏盐池人,硕士研究生,主要从事牧草育种与栽培研究,E-mail:1274848128@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏高等学校一流学科建设（草学学科）项目（NXYLXK2017A01）；宁夏抗旱节水优质饲草新品种选育与良种繁育项目（2019NYYZ0402）；2022年青年拔尖人才项目资助

Effects of Different Sowing and Cutting Periods Study on the Production Performance and Nutritional Value of Triticosecale Wittmack in Rain-fed Area of Ningxia

WANG Yu1, LI Qi-zheng1, MA Xiao-dong4, WANG Bin1, WANG Teng-fei1, LAN Jian1,2, ZHANG Yu3   

  1. 1. College of Forestry and Grassland, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China;
    2. Ningxia Grass and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China;
    3. Animal Husbandry Workstation of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China;
    4. Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Development, Zhongning County, Zhongwei, Ningxia 755000, China
  • Received:2023-07-03 Revised:2023-08-29 Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-03-06

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摘要： 为探明适宜宁夏半干旱区小黑麦（Triticosecale Wittmack）生产的播种期和刈割时期，以宁夏饲用小黑麦主推品种‘晋饲草1号’为研究材料，设置了3个小黑麦播种时期（S）和2个刈割时期（H），共6个处理，开展不同播种期和收获期对牧草生产性能和营养品质的影响研究，并应用主成分分析进行综合评价。结果表明，小黑麦的株高和叶面积随着播种期和收获期的延后显著增高（P<0.05）；小黑麦干草产量和粗蛋白产量随着播种期的延后呈先增加后下降的趋势，小黑麦干草产量最大的处理为S2H2（9 665.74 kg·m-2），粗蛋白产量最大的处理为S2H1，达881.15 kg·hm-2；不同播种期及收获期显著影响小黑麦营养品质（P<0.05），粗蛋白含量最高的为S2H2（10.18%），S1H2的相对饲喂价值最大。主成分分析综合排名第一的为S2H2（播种时间为9月20日，收获时间为灌浆期），是均衡饲用小黑麦产量和营养的理想组合，可作为宁夏雨养区饲用小黑麦播种和收获的参考依据。

关键词: 饲用小黑麦, 播种期及收获期, 生产性能, 营养品质

Abstract: In order to explore the suitable sowing date and cutting period for the production of triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack) in semi-arid area of Ningxia,the main variety of forage triticale ‘Jinsicao 1’ in Ningxia was used as the research material,and three sowing dates (S) and two cutting dates (H) were set up to form a total of six treatments. The effects of different sowing dates and harvest dates on the production performance and nutritional quality of forage grass were studied,and the principal component analysis was used for comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that the plant height and leaf area of triticale increased significantly with the delay of sowing date and harvest date (P<0.05). The hay yield and crude protein yield of triticale increased first and then decreased with the delay of sowing date. The treatment with the highest hay yield of triticale was S2H2 (9 665.74 kg·m-2),and the treatment with the highest crude protein yield was S2H1,reaching 881.15 kg·m-2. Different sowing dates and harvest dates significantly affected the nutritional quality of triticale (P<0.05). The highest crude protein content was S2H2 (10.18 %),and the relative feeding value of S1H2 was the highest. The comprehensive ranking of principal component analysis (PCA) was S2H2 (sowing time:September 20. harvest time:filling stage),which was an ideal combination to balance the yield and nutrition of forage triticale,and could be used as a reference for sowing and harvesting of forage triticale in Ningxia rain-fed area.

Key words: Forage triticale, Sowing period and harvest period, Production performance, Nutritional quality

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