草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 1648-1654.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.05.030

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

草乌头种子层积过程中内源激素变化和相关基因表达分析

王召明1, 张晓明2, 于兴旺1, 王世平3, 郑丽娜1,2   

  1. 1. 蒙草生态环境(集团)股份有限公司, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010030;
    2. 内蒙古农业大学草业学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019;
    3. 科右中旗吐列毛杜镇人民政府, 内蒙古 兴安盟 137700
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-05 修回日期:2025-04-28 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 郑丽娜,E-mail:mcstzln@163.com
  • 作者简介:王召明(1969-),男,蒙古族,内蒙古乌拉特中旗人,高级园林工程师,主要从事种业生产和生态修复研究,E-mail:286331950@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区财政资金(RZ1900001339);内蒙古自然科学基金(2019MS03052);和林科技重大专项(2023-重-4)资助

Changes of Endogenous Hormones and Expression of Related Genes during Seed Stratification of Aconitum kusenezoffii Reichb.

WANG Zhao-ming1, ZHANG Xiao-ming2, YU Xing-wang1, WANG Shi-ping3, ZHENG Li-na1,2   

  1. 1. M-Grass Ecology And Environment (Group) Co., Ltd., Huhhot, Inner Mongolia 010030, China;
    2. College of Grassland, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010019, China;
    3. Tuliemaodu government, Xing'an League, Inner Mongolia 137700, China
  • Received:2025-03-05 Revised:2025-04-28 Online:2025-05-15 Published:2025-05-20

摘要: 本研究以草乌头(Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb.)种子为材料,通过监测胚率(胚长/胚乳长)动态变化,确定休眠解除的关键时期,并测定不同阶段内源激素含量及相关基因表达水平,以解析其休眠解除机制。结果显示,种子胚率在休眠解除过程中呈“慢–快–慢”变化趋势:0—14 d基本不变(23.31%),14—42 d迅速升高至90.91%,49 d起胚根伸长,54 d子叶出土。激素分析表明,在层积过程中,脱落酸(Abscisic acid,ABA)含量显著下降(较0 d降低46.48%),而赤霉素A3(Gibberellin A3,GA3)、吲哚乙酸(Indole-3-acetic acid,IAA)、茉莉酸甲酯(Methyl jasmonate,MeJA)和油菜素内酯(Brassinosteroid,BR)含量分别升高34.77%,60.71%,97.53%和17.95%,玉米素核苷(Zeatin riboside,ZR)含量则呈先升后降趋势;GA3/ABA,IAA/ABA等比值显著上升,表明生长促进类激素对ABA的拮抗作用增强。相关基因表达分析显示,层积过程中ABA降解基因CYP707A2,GA合成基因KAO和IAA合成基因YUCCA等表达量均上调,与激素变化趋势一致。研究表明,ABA的降低可能是休眠解除的关键驱动因素,GA3,IAA,MeJA和BR等激素通过拮抗或协同ABA信号通路,共同调控种子由休眠向萌发的转变过程。

关键词: 草乌头, 种子休眠, 胚率变化, 激素

Abstract: This study aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying seed dormancy release in Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb. by monitoring embryo-to-endosperm length ratio (embryo rate) and quantifying endogenous hormone levels and expression of related genes at key stratification stages. The embryo rate exhibited a “slow-rapid-slow” pattern: remaining stable at 23.31% from day 0 to 14, sharply increasing to 90.91% by day 42, followed by radicle elongation (0.75 cm at day 49) and cotyledon emergence at day 54. Hormone analysis showed a significant decline in abscisic acid (ABA) content (46.48% reduction compared to day 0), while gibberellin A3(GA3), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), and brassinosteroid (BR) increased by 34.77%, 60.71%, 97.53%, and 17.95%, respectively. Zeatin riboside (ZR) content rose initially, and then declined. Ratios such as GA3/ABA and IAA/ABA significantly increased, indicating enhanced antagonism from growth-promoting hormones against ABA during dormancy release. Expression analysis showed that key genes involved in hormone metabolism CYP707A2 (ABA degradation), KAO (GA biosynthesis), and YUCCA (IAA biosynthesis) were significantly upregulated, consistent with hormonal changes. Collectively, the continuous decline in ABA content may serve as a key driver of dormancy release, while increased GA3, IAA, MeJA, and BR levels may synergistically and antagonistically interact with ABA signaling to promote embryo development and seed germination.

Key words: Aconitum kusenezoffii Reichb., Seed dormancy, Embryo-to-endosperm ratio, Hormone

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