草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 3858-3866.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.12.032

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

复合乳酸菌和留茬高度对倒伏燕麦青贮品质调控研究

蒋永梅1,3, 关皓2, 李海萍1, 汪辉2, 陈有军2, 贾志锋1, 刘文辉1, 陈仕勇4, 梁骥2, 周青平1,2   

  1. 1. 青海大学畜牧兽医科学院, 青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810016;
    2. 西南民族大学 四川若尔盖高寒湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 四川 成都 610041;
    3. 四川文理学院化学化工学院, 四川 达州 635000;
    4. 西南民族大学畜牧兽医学院, 四川 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-25 修回日期:2023-08-09 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2024-01-03
  • 通讯作者: 关皓,E-mail:guanh0427@outlook.com;周青平,E-mail:qpingzh@aliyun.com
  • 作者简介:蒋永梅(1990-)，女，汉族，甘肃兰州人，助教，博士研究生，主要从事饲草青贮加工研究，E-mail:jymjiangyongmei@yeah.net
  • 基金资助:
    青海省重点研发与转化计划“高品质燕麦生产及牦牛高效转化利用关键技术研究”(2022-NK-130)；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“引进牧草新品种及配套新技术项目”(ZYN2022082)资助

Effect of Compound Lactobacillus and Cutting Height on Silage Quality of Lodging Oats

JIANG Yong-mei1,3, GUAN Hao2, LI Hai-ping1, WANG Hui2, JIA Zhi-feng2, LIU Wen-hui1, CHEN You-jun1, CHEN Shi-yong4, LIANG Ji2, ZHOU Qing-ping1,2   

  1. 1. Institute of Grazing and Veterinarian, Qinghai University, Key Laboratory of Use of Forage Germplasm Resources on Tibetan Plateau Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai Procince 810016, China;
    2. Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Procince 610041, China;
    3. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sichuan Institute of Arts and Science, Dazhou, Sichuan Procince 635000, China;
    4. College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Procince 610041, China
  • Received:2023-06-25 Revised:2023-08-09 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2024-01-03

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摘要： 为探究复合乳酸菌和留茬高度对倒伏燕麦青贮品质的影响和最佳调制手段，采用双因素试验设计，4个处理未接种复合乳酸菌，留茬高度为0 cm(H1)，15 cm(H2)，30 cm(H3)，45 cm(H4)；4个处理在留茬高度基础上分别接种等量复合乳酸菌，即为JH1，JH2，JH3，JH4。结果表明：青贮60 d后，接种复合乳酸菌降低青贮干物质损失、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维、pH、乙酸、氨态氮/总氮、丙酸含量，增加青贮干物质、可溶性碳水化合物、粗蛋白质和乳酸含量(P<0.05)；青贮后未检测到霉菌、酵母菌、肠杆菌和丁酸；JH4处理粗蛋白质最高、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、pH和丙酸含量最低。利用隶属函数法和主成分分析综合评价发现，JH4处理(接种复合乳酸菌+留茬高度为45 cm)青贮品质最佳，是倒伏燕麦青贮品质调控的重要手段。

关键词: 倒伏燕麦, 留茬高度, 复合乳酸菌, 青贮品质

Abstract: In order to explore the effect of compound lactobacillus and cutting height on the silage quality of lodging oats and the optimum modulation methods,the experiment was designed by double-factor experiment. There were eight treatments,four cutting heights were 0 cm (H1),15 cm (H2),30 cm (H3),and 45 cm (H4),each cutting heights without inoculated compound lactobacillus;the other treatments were added with compound lactobacillus based on cutting height,namely JH1,JH2,JH3,and JH4. The results showed as follows:after ensilage for 60 days,inoculation with the compound lactobacillus,the dry matter loss,contents of neutral and acidic detergent fibers,pH value,content of acetic acid,ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen ratio and content of propionic acid of lodging oat silage were decreased,and the percentage of dry matter,soluble carbohydrates,crude protein,and lactic acid were significantly increased (P<0.05). The mold,yeasts,coliform bacteria,and butyrate acid were not detected in all treatments. The crude protein in JH4treatment was the highest,and the neutral detergent fiber,acidic detergent fiber,pH,propionic acid contents in that treatment were the lowest among all treatments. The membership function method and principal component analysis were used for comprehensive evaluation in the silage quality of lodging oats. By that method and evaluation,the JH4 (inoculated with compound lactobacillus and cutting height of 45 cm) was identified as the best treatment,it can be recommended as an important means for regulating the silage quality of lodging oat.

Key words: Lodging oat, Cutting height, Compound lactobacillus, Silage quality

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