草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 3423-3432.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.12.029

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    

保护播种对呼伦贝尔混播草地建植初期杂草抑制和牧草生长的影响

李沛, 张浩, 郭童天, 徐恒康, 韦斌, 张英俊, 刘楠   

  1. 中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-05 修回日期:2022-07-23 发布日期:2023-01-04
  • 通讯作者: 刘楠,E-mail:liunan@cau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李沛(1998-),女,汉族,山西吕梁人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生态与管理研究,E-mail:lipeicau@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA26000000)子课题:呼伦贝尔家庭牧场草畜平衡技术体系研究(XDA26010302)资助;内蒙古自治区科技创新引导奖励资金项目:呼伦贝尔豆禾混播草地高产高效关键技术应用与示范推广资助

Effects of Companion Crop on Weed Suppression and Forage Growth in the Early Establishment Stage of Legume-Grass Mixture in Hulunbuir Area

LI Pei, ZHANG Hao, GUO Tong-tian, XU Heng-kang, WEI Bin, ZHANG Ying-jun, LIU Nan   

  1. College of Grassland Science and technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2022-06-05 Revised:2022-07-23 Published:2023-01-04

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摘要： 本研究旨在探究使用燕麦(Avena sativa)作为保护草种，在呼伦贝尔地区建植人工草地时，不同保护播种方式(间行播种、交叉播种)对紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)＋无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)人工草地杂草抑制和牧草生长的影响，以期筛选出豆禾混播草地高效生产的技术模式，为该地区豆禾混播草地的推广和应用提供理论依据和技术支持。试验结果表明，与无保护播种的对照相比，2种播种方式能够显著降低混播草地杂草株高、密度及生物量，并在兼顾混播草种产量的前提下，显著提高混播草种植株总密度。其中，保护行与混播行交叉播种时，植株总密度增加了53.76%，与混播行间行播种时，植株总密度增加了50.69%。2种播种方式均显著提高了混播草地全年牧草产量，但两种播种方式之间差异不显著。综合考虑播种方式的可操作性，建议在呼伦贝尔地区豆禾混播草地的建植中，使用燕麦作为保护草种，与混播行交叉播种，能够较好的抑制杂草入侵，获得最佳的生产性能。

关键词: 保护播种, 混播草地, 杂草防除, 生产性能

Abstract: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of different sowing methods (inter-sowing with mixture,cross-seeding with mixture) of companion crop on weed suppression and forage growth in an alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and brome (Bromus inermis) artificial grassland,to screen out a technical mode of high-efficiency production of legume-grass mixture,and provide theoretical basis and technical support for the promotion and application of legume-grass mixture in Hulunbuir area. The results showed that,compared to the control without companion crop,the two different sowing methods could significantly reduce plant height,density and biomass of weeds,and significantly increase total plant density of mixture with 53.76% under cross-sowing and 50.69% under inter-sowing,indicating that companion crop utilization can effectively improve land use efficiency. The annual forage yield of mixture was significantly increased under the two sowing methods，and no significant difference was observed between them. Considering the operability of the sowing method,we recommended that using oat (Avena sativa) as a companion crop,and cross-sowing with mixture is the priority when establishing legume-grass mixture in Hulunbuir area,which can inhibit the invasion of weeds and obtain the best production performance of a mixture grassland.

Key words: Companion crop, Legume-grass mixture, Weed control, Production performance

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