日粮能量水平对牦牛生产性能、肉品质和瘤胃菌群的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.02.022

草地学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 432-439.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.02.022

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

日粮能量水平对牦牛生产性能、肉品质和瘤胃菌群的影响

姚喜喜¹, 陈永珑², 徐成体³, 海存秀¹, 刘皓栋⁴

1. 青海大学农牧学院, 青海西宁 810016;
2. 青海东牧湾农牧科技开发有限公司, 青海海东 811600;
3. 青海大学畜牧兽医科学院, 青海西宁 810016;
4. 甘肃畜牧工程职业技术学院, 甘肃武威 733006

收稿日期:2021-08-30 修回日期:2021-10-27 发布日期:2022-03-10
通讯作者: 徐成体,E-mail:xchti@163.com
作者简介:姚喜喜(1989-),男,汉族,甘肃庆阳人,博士,讲师,硕士生导师,主要从事草地生态学和动物营养学交叉学科方面研究,E-mail:18993075304@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然基金联合基金项目(U20A2003)；青海东部农区肉牛高效生态养殖模式及可持续发展技术集成与示范项目(2020-NK-C21)；青海大学科研启动费资金项目(41510406)；甘肃省高等学校创新基金项目(2021A-270)；甘肃畜牧工程职业技术学院院列科研项目(GMY202004)资助

Effects of Dietary Energy Level on Production Performance,Meat Quality and Rumen Microbes of Yak (Bos grunniens)

YAO Xi-xi¹, CHEN Yong-long², XU Cheng-ti³, HAI Cun-xiu¹, LIU Hao-dong⁴

1. College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
2. Qinghai Dongmuwan Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Development Limited Company, Haidong, Qinghai Province 811600, China;
3. Academy of animal husbandry and Veterinary Sciences of Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
4. Gansu Polytechnic College of Animal Husbandry & Engineering, Wuwei, Gansu Province 733006, China

Received:2021-08-30 Revised:2021-10-27 Published:2022-03-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探讨冷季能量补饲对牦牛生产性能、肉品质和瘤胃菌群的影响。本研究选取30头((269.75 ±35.46) kg)2岁大通公牦牛，随机分为3组，每组10头，分别饲喂低、中、高3个综合净能水平(5.51 MJ·kg^-1，6.22 MJ·kg^-1，6.94 MJ·kg^-1)日粮，经15 d预饲期和90 d正试期后屠宰，测定牦牛生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、瘤胃发酵参数瘤胃微生物区系。结果表明：高能量组牦牛试验末重、干物质采食量、宰前活重、胴体重、屠宰率和眼肌面积显著高于中、低能量组(P<0.05)，瘤胃异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸和戊酸含量显著高于中、低能量组(P<0.05)；高能量组牦牛肉色L^*值显著低于中、低能量组(P<0.05)；高能量组牦牛瘤胃细菌Chao1和ACE指数显著低于中、低能量组，普雷沃菌属(Prevotella)相对丰度显著高于中、低能量组，理研菌科RC9菌属相对丰度显著低于中、低能量组(P<0.05)。综上，冷季饲喂高能量(6.94 MJ·kg^-1)日粮可显著提高牦牛生产性能、改善肉品质、提高瘤胃菌群丰度。

关键词: 牦牛, 冷季补饲, 日粮能量水平, 生产性能, 肉品质, 瘤胃菌群

Abstract: To study the effects of energy supplementation on performance,meat quality,and rumen microflora of yak in the cold season. Thirty ((269.75±35.46) kg) 2-year-old Datong male yaks were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 yaks in each group. The yaks were fed 3 comprehensive net energy levels (5.51 MJ·kg^-1,6.22 MJ·kg^-1,and 6.94 MJ·kg^-1),respectively. After 15 days pre-feeding period and 90 days trial period,the yaks were slaughtered. The results showed as follows:The final weight,dry matter intake,live weight before slaughter,carcass weight,slaughter rate,and eye muscle area of yaks in high energy group were significantly higher than those in medium and low energy groups (P<0.05),and the contents of isobutyric acid,butyric acid,isovaleric acid and valeric acid in the rumen of yaks in high energy group were significantly higher than those in medium and low energy groups (P<0.05);The meat color L^*value of yaks in high energy group was significantly lower than that in medium and low energy groups (P<0.05);The index of Chao1 and ACE of rumen bacteria in high energy group were significantly lower than those in medium and low energy groups,and the relative abundance of Prevotella in high energy group was significantly higher than that in medium and low energy groups. The relative abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9 in high-energy group was significantly lower than that in medium and low-energy groups (P<0.05). In conclusion,feeding high-energy diet (6.94 MJ·kg^-1) in the cold season can significantly improve performance,meat quality,and rumen microflora abundance of yaks.

Key words: Yak, Cold season supplementary feeding, Dietary energy level, Production performance, Meat quality, Rumen bacteria

中图分类号:

S823.8+5

姚喜喜, 陈永珑, 徐成体, 海存秀, 刘皓栋. 日粮能量水平对牦牛生产性能、肉品质和瘤胃菌群的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2022, 30(2): 432-439.

YAO Xi-xi, CHEN Yong-long, XU Cheng-ti, HAI Cun-xiu, LIU Hao-dong. Effects of Dietary Energy Level on Production Performance,Meat Quality and Rumen Microbes of Yak (Bos grunniens)[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(2): 432-439.

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日粮能量水平对牦牛生产性能、肉品质和瘤胃菌群的影响

Effects of Dietary Energy Level on Production Performance,Meat Quality and Rumen Microbes of Yak (Bos grunniens)

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