生物炭与氮肥配施对豆禾间作系统农艺性状和品质的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.06.029

草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 1982-1990.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.06.029

• 技术研发 • 上一篇

生物炭与氮肥配施对豆禾间作系统农艺性状和品质的影响

王召明^1,2, 陈翔^1,2, 赵杰³, 赵晨³, 邱雯婧³, 付娟娟³, 张晓严^1,2, 谢海桃^1,2, 魏荣博^1,2

1. 蒙草生态环境(集团)股份有限公司, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010010;
2. 乌拉盖草甸草原生态系统内蒙古自治区野外科学观测研究站, 内蒙古锡林郭勒 026000;
3. 西北农林科技大学草业与草原学院, 陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2025-04-25 修回日期:2025-05-16 发布日期:2025-06-13
通讯作者: 陈翔,E-mail:531740713@qq.com
作者简介:王召明（1969-），男，蒙古族，内蒙古呼和浩特人，学士，正高级工程师，主要从事草地修复方向研究，E-mail：mckh@163.com
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区“英才兴蒙”工程团队项目：“三北”区域生态修复乡土草种应用集成技术研发与示范推广；毛乌素沙地沙化土地近自然修复技术集成与示范项目（2024JBGS00200504）资助

Effects of Combined Application of Biochar and Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Agronomic Traits and Quality on Intercropping Alfalfa and Smooth Bromegrass Systems

WANG Zhao-ming^1,2, CHEN Xiang^1,2, ZHAO Jie³, ZHAO Chen³, QIU Wen-jing³, FU Juan-juan³, ZHANG Xiao-yan^1,2, XIE Hai-tao^1,2, WEI Rong-bo^1,2

1. M-Grass Ecology and Enviroment(Group)Co., Ltd., Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China;
2. Ulagai Meadow Steppe Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Xilin Gol, Inner Mongolia 026000, China;
3. Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A& F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China

Received:2025-04-25 Revised:2025-05-16 Published:2025-06-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究生物炭和氮肥配施对豆禾间作草地牧草农艺性状和营养成分的调控效应，本研究以紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）与无芒雀麦（Bromus inermis Leyss.）间作草地为研究对象，通过随机区组试验设计，设置生物炭[B₀（0 t·hm^-2）和B₈（8 t·hm^-2）]与氮肥[N₀ （0 kg·hm^-2）、N₁₂₀（120 kg·hm^-2）、N₁₈₀（180 kg·hm^-2）]处理，系统分析生物炭与氮肥配施对其农艺性状和营养成分的影响。结果表明：生物炭与氮肥（B₈N₁₂₀和B₈N₁₈₀）配施提高了初花期和盛花期间作系统鲜干比和株高，对紫花苜蓿的茎叶比、茎节数和节间长均无显著影响，而B₈N₂₂₅则抑制盛花期鲜干比。与B₀N₀相比，B₀N₁₂₀和B₀N₁₈₀处理下，紫花苜蓿一级分枝数分别在初花期和盛花期提高21.28%，19.74%和28.31%，14.56%（P<0.05），但B₀N₂₂₅处理未表现出增效作用，生物炭配施进一步放大了氮肥的促进作用。无芒雀麦的株高和分蘖数均表现为“低氮促进、高氮抑制”的规律。B₈N₁₂₀与B₈N₁₈₀增加了间作系统粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量，降低了中性洗涤纤维和木质素含量。综上，生物炭与氮肥（B₈N₁₈₀）配施能够有效地改善紫花苜蓿-无芒雀麦间作系统的农艺性状和营养品质。

关键词: 生物炭, 氮肥, 间作系统, 生产性能

Abstract: To explore the regulatory effects of combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on the agronomic traits and nutritional components of leguminous-grass intercropping pastures， in this study the intercropping pasture of alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.） and bromegrass （Bromus inermis Leyss.） were taken as the research object. Through a randomized block experimental design， treatments of biochar [（B₀（0 t·hm^-2）， B₈（8 t·hm^-2）] and nitrogen fertilizer [（N₀ （0 kg·hm^-2），N₁₂₀（120 kg·hm^-2），N₁₈₀（180 kg·hm^-2）] were set up to systematically analyze the effects of combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on their agronomic traits and nutritional components. The results showed that the combined application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer （B₈N₁₂₀ and B₈N₁₈₀） significantly increased the fresh-to-dry ratio and plant height during the early and peak flowering periods of the system. It had no significant effect on the stem-to-leaf ratio， stem and internode length of alfalfa. However， B₈N₂₂₅ inhibited the fresh-to-dry ratio during the peak flowering period. Compared to B₀N₀， the first-order branch numbers of alfalfa under B₀N₁₂₀ and B₀N₁₈₀ treatments increased by 21.28%， 19.74%， 28.31% and 14.56%， respectively， at the early flowering stage and the peak flowering stage（P<0.05）. However， the B₀N₂₂₅ treatment had no an additive effect. The addition of biochar further amplified the promoting effect of nitrogen fertilizer. The plant height and tillering number of smooth bromegrass also exhibited a pattern of “low nitrogen promotion and high nitrogen inhibition”. B₈N₁₂₀ and B₈N₁₈₀ increased the crude p rotein and crude fat contents of the intercropping system， and reduced the content of neutral detergent fiber and lignin. In summary， the combination of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer （B₈N₁₈₀） can effectively improve the agronomic traits and nutritional quality of the alfalfa-snowdrop wheat intercropping system.

Key words: Biochar, Nitrogen fertilizer, Intercropping system, Production performance

中图分类号:

王召明, 陈翔, 赵杰, 赵晨, 邱雯婧, 付娟娟, 张晓严, 谢海桃, 魏荣博. 生物炭与氮肥配施对豆禾间作系统农艺性状和品质的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2025, 33(6): 1982-1990.

WANG Zhao-ming, CHEN Xiang, ZHAO Jie, ZHAO Chen, QIU Wen-jing, FU Juan-juan, ZHANG Xiao-yan, XIE Hai-tao, WEI Rong-bo. Effects of Combined Application of Biochar and Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Agronomic Traits and Quality on Intercropping Alfalfa and Smooth Bromegrass Systems[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2025, 33(6): 1982-1990.

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生物炭与氮肥配施对豆禾间作系统农艺性状和品质的影响

Effects of Combined Application of Biochar and Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Agronomic Traits and Quality on Intercropping Alfalfa and Smooth Bromegrass Systems

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